非人灵长类动物种质冷冻保存研究进展和展望

Advances and prospects in germplasm preservation of non-human primates

非人灵长类动物是生物多样性的重要组成部分,也是生物医学研究的珍贵实验动物,然而,由于人类活动、栖息地破坏、狩猎和遗传隔离等原因,许多非人灵长类动物的野生种群数量急剧下降,甚至处于灭绝的边缘。种质冷冻保存对拯救非人灵长类动物和保存遗传物质资源具有重要意义。本文综述了新大陆猴、旧大陆猴和巨猿等类群动物精子、卵子、胚胎和性腺组织等种质冷冻保存的研究进展,介绍了狨猴、松鼠猴、恒河猴、食蟹猴和黑猩猩等种质冷冻保存的主要方法,并对未来种质冷冻保存的研究方向进行了讨论。

Non-human primates are an important part of the biodiversity and valuable laboratory animals for biomedical research,however,wild populations of many non-human primate species have declined alarmingly,even on the brink of extinction,due to human activities,habitat destruction,hunting,and genetic isolation.Germplasm preservation is of great significance to the rescue of non-human primates and preservation of genetic materials.This article reviews research progresses in cryopreservation of sperm,oocytes,embryos,and gonadal tissues in the groups of New World monkeys,Old World monkeys,and great apes,and introduces the main methods of germplasm preservation in marmosets,squirrel monkeys,rhesus monkey,cynomolgus monkeys,and chimpanzees.The future research directions of non-human primate germplasm preservation are also discussed.