日语转折连词词汇化语法化界面研究——以「ただし「」しかし」为例并兼与汉语“但是”对比

A Study on the Lexicalization and Grammaticalization Interfaces of Adversative Conjunction:Taking Japanese"tadashi""shikashi"and Chinese"danshi"as Examples

词汇化和语法化的交集模式普遍存在于很多语言的演变过程中。本文通过对历时语料的考察就日语转折连词「ただし「」しかし」的词汇化语法化过程、路径及其相交的界面做了描述,认为它们都是始于副词,经过附加助词先发生词汇化再发生词内成分语法化,然后再经过整词语法化来完成演变过程的。其词汇化语法化界面第一次发生在词内成分语法化之前,第二次发生在整词语法化之前。与其相比,汉语“但是”的演化路径在词汇化阶段有所不同,但在语法化上高度相似。

The intersection of lexicalization and grammaticalization is common in the evolution of many languages.This paper describes the process,paths and interfaces of lexicalization and grammaticalization of the Japanese adversative conjunctions"tadashi"and"shikashi"through the investigation of a diachronic corpus.It is believed that they both stem from adverbs,then via appended auxiliary words,after lexicalization,they take the grammaticalization of intra-word components of adverbs.In the end the grammaticalization of the whole word completes the process of change.The lexicalization grammaticalization interface first occurs before the grammaticalization of the intra-word component,and the second time occurs before the whole word is grammaticalized.In contrast,the Chinese word"danshi"is different in the lexicalization stage but is highly similar in grammaticalization.