算法的价值挑战及其包容性治理

The Value Challenge of Algorithm and Its Inclusive Governance

进入数字社会以后,算法逐步和人们的日常生活产生深度交融,形成了一种大数据加持、自动化决策和场景化驱动的独特运行逻辑。这对法律价值提出了严峻挑战,它在很大程度上挑战着主体的自由空间、个体的平等机会以及社会的制度正义。然而,无论是诉诸算法公开的规制模式,还是以个体赋权为核心的回应模式,都未能对法律和科技之间的关系展开更深层次的分析,在技术理念、制度设计和治理效能等方面存在法理难题。科学化解算法诱发的价值挑战,需要能够包容多元治理主体、平衡各方利益,实现激励发展与合理规制相协调的包容性治理框架。主体层面的包容共治和工具层面的多元互补,共同构成了包容性治理的治理结构。在这一治理结构下,未来应当在主体机制上促进多元主体的包容共治,在实施机制上强化算法治理实施工具的系统性,在保障机制上通过算法的可信控制来确保算法符合人类社会的“共同善”。

After entering the digital society,algorithm is gradually deeply integrated with people’s daily life,forming a unique operating logic supported by big data,automatic decision-making and scenario-driven.This poses a serious challenge to legal value,which challenges the free space of the subject,the equal opportunity of the individual and the institutional justice of the society to a large extent.However,neither the regulation mode of algorithm opening nor the response mode with individual empowerment as the core can carry out a deeper analysis of the relationship between law and science and technology.There are legal problems in the aspects of technical concept,system design and governance effectiveness.To scientifically resolve the value challenges induced by algorithms,we need an inclusive governance framework that can accommodate multiple governance entities,balance the interests of all parties,and realize the coordination of incentive development and reasonable regulation.Inclusive and co-governance at the subject level and multiple complementarities at the tool level jointly constitute the governance structure of inclusive governance.In the future,under this governance structure,it is necessary to promote the inclusiveness and co-governance of multiple subjects in the subject mechanism,strengthen the systematization of algorithmic governance as implementation tools in the implementation mechanism,and ensure that algorithms conform to the“common good”of human society through the trusted control of algorithms in the security mechanism.