2020年海南省新生儿先天性心脏病筛查结果分析

Analysis of screening results of neonatal congenital heart disease in Hainan province in year 2020

目的 通过分析2020年海南省先天性心脏病患儿的资料,为先天性心脏病的监测干预提供科学依据。方法 选取2020年1月1日至2020年12月31日海南省19个市县出生新生儿的先天性心脏病筛查资料,先天性心脏病筛查采用心脏听诊和经皮脉搏血氧饱和度测定(即双指标法),有任何一项阳性则进一步做超声心动图检查以明确诊断,按疾病情况给予手术、药物干预及随访等处理。结果 海南省2020年出生的10.75万例新生儿接受了先天性心脏病筛查,筛查阳性率为3.06%;经超声心动图检查确诊276例,发病率为25.67/万,其中男婴发病率为22.58/万,女婴发病率为27.07/万,两者发病率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.010,P>0.05)。前3位先天性心脏病的主要类型是:室间隔缺损(46.74%)、房间隔缺损(24.28%)、肺动脉瓣狭窄(5.80%)。结论 双指标法结合超声心动图检查可以使先天性心脏病患儿得到早期发现和及时治疗。

Objective To analyze screening data of congenital heart disease(CHD) in newborns in Hainan province in year 2020,so as to provide scientific basis for monitoring and intervention of CHD.Methods The screening data of neonatal CHD in 19 cities and counties of Hainan province in year 2020 were selected.Cardiac auscultation and pulse oximetry(POX)(double-index method) were used to screen neonatal CHD.If any of the two indexes was positive, further echocardiography should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.Surgery, drug intervention and follow-up will be given for the infants according to the disease condition.Results 107,500 newborns born in year 2020 in Hainan province were screened for CHD,the positive screening rate of the neonatal CHD was 3.06%.The diagnoses of CHD of 276 newborns were confirmed by echocardiography, the incidence rate of neonatal CHD was 25.67 per 10,000.Among them, the incidence of neonatal CHD in male newborns was 22.58 per 10,000,and that in female newborns was 27.07 per 10,000,there was no significant difference in the incidence rate between the two groups(χ^(2)=3.010,P>0.05).Non-cyanogenic heart disease was more common than cyanogenic heart disease, the major top three CHD types were ventricular septal defect(VSD),atrial septal defect(ASD),and pulmonary stenosis(PS).Conclusion Double-index method combined with echocardiography can identify neonatal CHD early and treat the infants timely.