m^(6)A去甲基化酶ALKBH5——新的原癌基因

ALKBH5, a kind of m^(6)A demethylase, a new proto-oncogene

AlkB同源蛋白5(AlkB homolog 5,ALKBH5)属于AlkB家族,对N^(6)-甲基腺苷(N^(6)-methyladeno-sine,m^(6)A)具有高效的脱甲基活性,参与RNA的剪接、加工、出核和翻译等生物学过程。近年来研究发现,ALKBH5在卵巢癌、胃癌、肺癌和胶质母细胞瘤等生殖、消化、呼吸和神经系统恶性肿瘤中的表达异常升高,而且这种异常高表达往往密切关联癌细胞增殖、侵袭/迁移与耐药,预示ALKBH5可能成为一种新的原癌基因。因此,本文主要就ALKBH5在这些系统癌症中的促进作用及其机制作一综述,旨在明确新的癌症防治靶点并研发新药。

AlkB homologue 5(ALKBH5),belonging to the AlkB family,has efficient demethylation activity on N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)involved in the biological processes such as RNA splicing,processing,nuclear exporting,translating,and etc.Recent studies have found that ALKBH5 expression is abnormally elevated in the cancers from reproductive,digestive,respiratory and nervous systems such as ovarian,gastric,lung cancer,glioblastoma,and so on.Furthermore,the high expression often affects the cell proliferation,invasion/migration of cancer,and closely related with drug resistance.All above,ALKBH5 might become another new proto-oncogene.Therefore,this paper mainly reviews the promoting role and mechanism of ALKBH5 in these systemic cancers,aiming to identify new targets for clinical treatment and prevention of cancer and develop new drugs.