住院患儿家长对坠床安全防范的知信行量表的编制与信效度检验

Development and validation of caregivers'knowledge-attitude-practice scale on safety precautions of children's falling from bed in hospital

目的编制住院患儿家长对儿童坠床安全防范的知信行量表, 并检验其信效度。方法以知信行理论为框架, 通过文献回顾、专家函询法构建条目池, 2021年5月运用方便抽样的方法对收治于上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心的380名患儿家长进行调查, 对量表进行信效度检验。采用临界比值法和相关分析法对量表进行项目分析。采用内部一致性信度和折半信度进行信度分析;采用内容效度和结构效度进行效度分析。结果住院患儿家长对儿童坠床安全防范的知信行量表包含3个维度共17个条目, 总量表Cronbachα系数为0.739, 折半信度为0.841。总量表的内容效度指数为0.991, 各条目的内容效度指数为0.890~1.000。探索性因子分析共提取3个公因子, 累计方差贡献率60.57%。结论编制的住院患儿家长对坠床安全防范的知信行量表具有良好的信效度, 可以作为评估住院患儿家长主动参与坠床安全防范知识、意愿或行为的工具。

Objective To develop a scale of caregivers'knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)on safety precautions of children's falling from bed in hospital,and test its reliability and validity.Methods Based on the theory of KAP,the item pool was constructed by literature review and expert consultation.A convenient sampling method was used to investigate 380 caregivers of children admited to Shanghai Children's Medical Center,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University in May 2021.The reliability and validity of the scale was tested.Critical ratio method and correlation analysis method were used for item analysis of the scale.Validity analysis was conducted by detecting content validity and construct validity;reliability analysis was conducted by detecting internal consistency reliability and splithalf reliability.Results The formal scale finally developed comprised 17 items in 3 dimensions on knowledge,attitude and practice.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient and split-half reliability of the overall scale were 0.739 and 0.841.The content validity of the scale was 0.991,and the content validity of each item was 0.890-1.000.Exploratory factor analysis has extracted 3 common factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 60.57%.ConclusionThe scale of caregivers'KAP on safety precautions of children's falling from bed in hospital has god reliability and validity,and can be used as a tool to evaluate the knowledge,willingness or behavior of caregivers participation in preventing falls.