严寒地区地铁车站被动利用走行热的模拟研究

Simulation study of passive use of walking heat in subway stations in severe cold regions

严寒地区冬季室外平均温度在-10℃以下,是地铁车站的热环境营造的主要外扰因素。如何有效利用地铁运行的余热,维持地铁车站热环境,是地铁低碳运行的重要途径。以呼和浩特市地铁DYL站为原型,运用CFD数值模拟手段,对被动式利用列车走行热改善车站热环境进行研究。结果表明:在新的可调风口运行模式下,站台、站厅人员呼吸区最高平均温度分别提高至12.43℃和10.57℃,且列车离站对车站温度影响很小;在下方加装额外的23m2风口后,进入站台的热量和走行热相对于仅上方有风口的情况分别增加了2.3%和0.7%,站厅、站台层温度提升也较为有限。但由下方加装的可调风口进入车站的空气温度更高,可使局部人员候车区温度提升更明显,局部温度可达13.5℃以上。研究结果对被动式提升严寒地区地铁车站站台层侯车人员的热舒适性有参考意义。

The average outdoor temperature in severe cold regions in winter is below -10℃,which is the main external disturbance factor for the thermal environment in metro stations.How to effectively use the waste heat from metro operation to maintain the thermal environment of metro stations is an important way for low carbon metro operation.Based on the Hohhot Metro DYL station,CFD numerical simulations are used to investigate the passive use of walking heat to improve the thermal environment.The results show that with the new adjustable air outlet operation mode,the maximum average temperature of the platform and the concourse increases to 12.43℃ and 10.57℃ respectively,and the train leaving the station has little effect on the station temperature;after the additional 23 m^(2) air outlet is installed below,the heat entering the platform and the walking heat increase by 2.3%and 0.7%respectively,but the temperature increase at the concourse and platform is limited.However,the air temperature entering the station becomes higher due to the installation of the additional adjustable air vents below,leading to a more significant temperature increase for local waiting area,reaching over 13.5℃.The results of the study give some reference to the passive enhancement of the thermal comfort for passengers at the platform of metro stations in cold regions.