藏缅语辅音韵尾的类型学考察

A Typological Survey on Consonant Codas of Tibetan-Burmese Languages

文章选取了58种藏缅语,统计分析其辅音韵尾的类型与共性。有38种语言存在鼻音韵尾,34种语言存在非鼻音韵尾。鼻音韵中最先丢失的多为前鼻,羌语支以及彝语支语言鼻音韵演化得更快,多数都转化成鼻化元音。蕴涵关系上,前元音+的组合蕴涵非前元音+的组合,后元音+n的组合蕴涵非后元音+n的组合。此外,若一种藏缅语出现双唇鼻音韵,那么一定会出现/am/。藏缅语塞音韵尾的出现蕴涵鼻音韵尾的出现。

The article selected 58 Tibetan-Burmese languages and statistically analyzed the types and universality of their consonant codas.Nasal codas are found in 38 languages and non-nasal codas are found in 34 languages.The nasal codas were lost first,and the nasal codas of Qiangic and Yi languages usually evolved more rapidly,in which V+nasal codas turned into nasalized vowels.In terms of implication,if there are the combinations of front vowel+,there will be the combinations of non-front vowel+.If there are back vowel+n,there will be non-back vowel+n.In addition,if a Tibetan-Burmese language has a bilabial nasal final,then it must be/am/.If a Tibetan-Burmese language has plosive codas,it must have nasal codas.