湖南早期工人运动历史地位论析

An Analysis of the Historical Status of the Early Labor Movement in Hunan

1919—1928年的湖南早期工人运动波澜壮阔,在全国工运史上占有重要地位。第一,建党前后和全国第一次工运高潮中,成立了全国最早的现代工会组织之一——湖南劳工会;在党的领导下开展的以安源路矿工人大罢工为代表的工人运动,无论是规模、影响还是组织都走在全国前列,成为全国工运的先声和示范;且在“二七”惨案后全国工运转入低潮时巍然独存,继续发展。第二,第一次国共合作时期,湖南工人运动在开展反帝斗争、支援北伐战争和工农运动结合等方面体现出鲜明特色,为大革命兴起和北伐成功做出了突出贡献。第三,大革命失败后,湖南工人武装反抗国民党统治,组织工农义勇军反攻长沙,积极参加秋收起义、湘南起义和全省各地暴动,最终走上了武装割据的正确革命道路,这在中国工人运动史上实属仅有。中国共产党的正确领导是湖南早期工人运动取得重大成就的关键因素。

The early workers'movement in Hunan was magnificent from 1919 to 1928,which played an important role in the history of our national workers'movement.First,before and after the founding of the Communist Party of China and during the first climax of the national workers'movement,Hunan labor union,one of the earliest modern labor union organizations in China,was established.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the workers'movement represented by the mass strike held by the railroad workers and miners along Anyuan Road,was at the forefront of the country in terms of scale,influence and organization,and became the forerunner and demonstration of the national workers'movement.After the"February 7th"massacre,when the national workers'movement turned into a low tide,it existed alone majestically and continued to develop.Second,during the first Kuomingtang-Communist cooperation period,the Hunan workers'movement embodied its distinctive characteristics in carrying out the anti-imperialist struggle,supporting the Northern Expedition and the combination of workers and peasants,and made outstanding contributions to the rise of the great revolution and the success of the Northern Expedition.Third,after the failure of the Great Revolution,Hunan workers armed up against the rule of the Kuomintang,organized the volunteer army of workers and peasants to counter-attack Changsha,actively participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising,the Riot in Southern Hunan and other riots all over the province,and finally stepped on the correct revolutionary road of armed independent regime of workers and peasants,which is really unique in the history of the Chinese workers'movement.The correct leadership of the Communist Party of China is the key factor for the early workers'movement in Hunan to achieve significant achievements.