铂类抗肿瘤药物的应用现状及合理性探析

Application Status and Rationality of Platinum Antitumor Drugs

目的 研究铂类抗肿瘤药物实际应用现状与应用合理性分布情况。方法 在本院药学部抗肿瘤药物应用记录表中选出13 400份铂类抗肿瘤药物处方,选定时间为2021年1月至2022年1月,比较铂类抗肿瘤药物的处方使用量、销售金额、用药期间不良反应发生率与不合理用药行为占比率。结果 13 400份铂类抗肿瘤药物处方中奥沙利铂处方占比率60.07%,奈达铂20.90%,顺铂11.19%,卡铂7.88%;销售金额奥沙利铂最高,卡铂药物每日规定剂量最多为200 mg/m^(2);其中150例奈达铂药物使用者不良反应率33.33%,奥沙利铂3.33%,不良反应率数据有统计学意义(P <0.05)。4种常用铂类药物不合理用药率均低于1%。结论 铂类抗肿瘤药物实际应用中奥沙利铂、奈达铂、顺铂与卡铂药物的使用量较大,奥沙利铂销售总金额最高,奈达铂易出现不良反应,需在药物应用环节严控用药合理性,加强不良反应监督,充分展现药效。

Objective To study the current situation of practical application and rational distribution of platinum antineoplastic drugs.Methods 13400 prescriptions of platinum antineoplastic drugs were selected from the application record form of anti-tumor drugs in the pharmacy department of our hospital,and the selected time was from January 2021 to January 2022.The prescription usage,sales amount,adverse reaction rate and irrational drug use behavior rate of platinum antineoplastic drugs were compared.Results Among 13400 platinum anti-tumor drug prescriptions,oxaliplatin accounted for 60.07%,nedaplatin 20.90%,cisplatin 11.19%,carboplatin 7.88%;The sales amount of oxaliplatin is the highest,and the daily prescribed dose of carboplatin is at most 200 mg/m^(2);The ADR rate of 150 patients with nedaplatin was 33.33%,and that of oxaliplatin was 3.33%.The data of ADR rate was statistically significant(P<0.05).The irrational use rate of four commonly used platinum drugs was lower than 1%.Conclusion In the practical application of platinum anti-tumor drugs,oxaliplatin,nedaplatin,cisplatin and carboplatin are used in large quantities.The total sales amount of oxaliplatin is the highest,and nedaplatin is prone to adverse reactions.It is necessary to strictly control the rationality of drug use,strengthen the supervision of adverse reactions,and fully demonstrate the efficacy.