从身份到人格:先秦君子人格思想探析

From Identity to Personality:the Exploration of Junzi Personality Theory of Pre-Qin Period

为了研究先秦君子人格思想,探究儒家着力塑造、追求的君子人格的内涵,论文对“君子”从身份到人格的变化情况进行研究。通过对典籍《尚书》《易经》《诗经》《道德经》中“君子”内涵的分析和诠释,论证春秋中叶以前,“君子”主要指向“有位者”,为身份象征;通过对《论语》《易传》等典籍中“君子”内涵的分析和诠释,论证春秋中叶至战国末期,经过以孔子为代表的数代儒学大家卓越述作和践行,“君子”完成从身份到人格的转变,形成系统的君子人格思想,具有革新性、开放性和平等性意义。

In order to study the Junzi(gentleman) personality thought of pre-Qin period and explore the connotation of the Junzi personality, which Confucianism focuses on shaping and pursuing, this paper studies the change from identity to personality of Junzi. Through the analysis and interpretation of the connotation of “Junzi” in the classical books Shang Shu, the Book of Changes, the Book of Songs and the Dao De Jing, it is argued that before the mid-Spring and Autumn period, “Junzi” mainly referred to as “a person in high position”, which was the symbol of status. Through the analysis and interpretation of the connotation of “Junzi” in the Analects of Confucius and Yi Zhuan, it is demonstrated that from the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period to the end of the Warring States period, the transformation of “Junzi” from identity to personality was completed through the excellent description and practice of several generations of Confucian scholars represented by Confucius, and the systematic thought of Junzi personality was formed, which has the significance of innovation, openness and equality.