基于环境分析的不同气候区村镇民居差异性比较——以山东潍坊霸王泉村和江苏南京瓦罐村为例

A Variation Comparison of the Village and Town Residences in Different Climate Zones Based on Environmental Analysis——Taking Bawangquan Village of Weifang,Shandong Province and Waguan Village of Nanjing,Jiangsu Province as Examples

文章选取位于寒冷地区的山东潍坊霸王泉村及夏热冬冷地区的江苏南京瓦罐村作为研究对象,对两地的外部气候、地形地貌以及房屋设计过程中的异同点进行比较,总结两个不同气候区内村镇民居在建筑群体布局、单体设计方面及室内热环境方面的差异性特征,并分析其影响因素。结果显示:不同地区的气候环境及地形地貌对建筑群体布局、单体建筑形态和建筑细部构造具有不同的影响作用,是各个地区村镇住宅产生差异的重要原因;且地区经济发展及相关政策也是影响村镇民居建设的重要因素之一。

By choosing Bawangquan Village of Weifang,Shandong Province of a cold zone and Waguan Village of Nanjing,Jiangsu Province of a hot summer-cold winter zone as the research object,this paper compares the common points and different features of the two sites’climates,landforms and topography and residence design processes,concludes the various features embodied in the town and village residences of two different climate zones in overall layout and individual design,and also the thermal indoor environment,and further analyzes the influential factors.The results show that the climates,landforms,and topography of different zones have various influence upon the overall layout of buildings,form of single residence,and specific structure of residence components,and they are the important cause why the residences of towns and villages vary in different zones.Furthermore,the regional economic development and related policies are also one of the important factors that affect the construction of village and town residences.