吞咽不同黏度食物时健康成年人舌运动的超声研究

Tongue movement of swallowing food with different viscosities in healthy adults:an ultrasound study

目的应用B/M型超声研究健康成年人吞咽不同体积和黏度食物时的舌体运动。方法2021年11月1日至2022年4月15日,于北京博爱医院行超声检查的健康成年人中,招募61例完成5 mL水、15 mL水、5 mL半流食酸奶和5 mL固体酸奶吞咽任务,使用B/M型超声分别记录舌运动Ⅰ期时间、Ⅱ期时间、最大运动幅度和最大运动速度。结果吞咽5 mL水时,舌运动Ⅰ期时间最短(|Z|>3.871,P<0.001),Ⅱ期时间短于吞咽15 mL水和吞咽5 mL半流食酸奶时(|Z|>2.61,P<0.001)。吞咽15 mL水时,舌运动最大幅度最大(|Z|>8.888,P<0.001)。执行4种吞咽任务时,舌运动最大速度无显著性差异(χ2=0.833,P>0.05)。结论食物的体积和黏度能影响吞咽时的舌运动。B/M型超声是一种方便、无辐射、经济的评估吞咽功能的方法。

Objective To investigate the tongue movement of swallowing food with different volumes and viscosities in healthy adults by B/M ultrasound.Methods From November 1,2021 to April 15,2022,61 healthy adults were recruited from those who underwent ultrasound examination in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital.The objects were ask to swallow 5 mL water,15 mL water,5 mL semi-liquid yogurt and 5 mL solid yogurt.Then B/M ultrasound was used to record the phase I time,phase II time,maximum amplitude and maximum velocity of tongue movement.Results The phase I time was the least as swallowing 5 mL water(|Z|>3.871,P<0.001).The phase II time was less as swallowing 5 mL water than that of swallowing 15 mL water and 5 mL semi-liquid yogurt(|Z|>2.61,P<0.001).The maximum amplitude of tongue movement was the most as swallowing 15 mL water(|Z|>8.888,P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the maximum velocity of tongue movement among the four swallowing tasks(χ^(2)=0.833,P>0.05).Conclusion Food of different viscosities and different volumes can affect tongue movement.The use of B/M ultrasound is an easy,radiation-free and cost-effective method for the assessment of swallowing.