1912—1949 年新疆地方政府与中央政府关系述论

The Relationship between Xinjiang Local Government and the Central Government from 1912 to 1949

1912年至1949年新疆和平解放之前,新疆地方政府与中央政府的关系复杂而多变,总体处于一种非正常状态。杨增新主政时期出现服从中央政府—“认庙不认神”—服从中央政府的变化;金树仁主政时期对中央政府既有博弈,也有调适;盛世才主政时期对中央政府由附和到博弈,再到投靠中央政府。国民党直接统治新疆时期,中央政府及其新疆当局未能实现对新疆的完全掌控,出现了与之对峙的三区政权。新疆和平解放后,中国共产党开始全面治理新疆,新疆地方政府与中央政府的关系亦走向正常化。

From 1912 to 1949,the relationship between Xinjiang local government and the central government was complex and changeable,in an abnormal state in general.During Yang Zeng-xin's governance of Xinjiang,there were changes from obeying the central government to acknowledging orthodoxy(Accept the temple but do not accept the god)and to obeying the central government.When Jin Shu-ren governed Xinjiang,he not only played games with the central government but also made adjustments to it.During Sheng Shi-cai's governance,Xinjiang local government experienced the three-stage relationship with the central government:obedience to the central government,playing games with the central government and obedience with the central government.During the period of Kuomintang's direct governance of Xinjiang,the central government and its Xinjiang authorities failed to achieve full control of Xinjiang,there existing the opposing Three District Regime.After the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang,the Communist Party of China started a comprehensive governance,leading to a totally new normal relation between Xinjiang local government and the central government.