基于PSO的变模温吹塑模具电加热系统设计优化

Optimal Design of Electric Heating System in Variotherm Blow Mold by Particle Swarm Optimization

模腔表面加热效率和加热均匀性是表征变模温模具热响应性能的两大关键技术指标,其取决于模具加热系统的设计。为获得优异的模具热响应性能,提出了一种集粒子群优化(PSO)和有限元方法(FEM)于一体的模具加热系统优化策略,并将该PSO-FEM方法应用于优化设计汽车扰流板变模温吹塑模具的电加热系统。结果表明,优化后模腔表面温度分布均匀性提高了53%,模腔表面最大温差从优化前的约20℃降低至优化后的9.4℃。基于优化设计参数构建了相应的扰流板吹塑模具,并进行了变模温吹塑成型实验。研究发现所成型扰流板的表面呈现均匀的镜面光泽,可直接满足装配要求,从而证明了PSO-FEM优化设计方法的有效性和变模温吹塑成型工艺在实际应用中的可行性。

Mold cavity surface heating efficiency and heating uniformity were two key technical indicators for evaluating the mold thermal response performance,which were mainly dependent on mold heating system design.To obtain excellent mold thermal response performance,a strategy approaching mold heating system optimization was proposed by combining the particle swarm optimization(PSO)and finite element method(FEM).This strategy was applied to optimize the electric heating system for a variotherm blow mold of automotive spoiler.And the results show that the mold cavity surface temperature distribution uniformity is improved by 53%,and the maximum temperature difference is decreased from the original value of 20℃to the optimized value of 9.4℃.Based on the obtained optimization design parameters,a prototype blow mold of spoiler is constructed and the variotherm blow molding experiments are conducted also.It is found that the automotive spoilers are manufactured by the variotherm blow molding exhibit uniform and high gloss appearance,which can satisfy the final assembly requirement directly.Thus,the effectiveness of PSO-FEM and the feasibility of application of variotherm blow molding technology in the practical production are demonstrated.