焦炉逸散物所致肺癌的病理类型分析

Study on the relationship between the pathological type of lung cancer caused by coke oven discharge and the contact type and exposure time

目的研究焦炉逸散物所致肺癌的病理类型并分析其不同暴露水平的关联性。方法于2020年10月,收集86例焦炉逸散物所致肺癌确诊病例相关资料(包括病人的基本情况、相关职业接触情况、临床资料),依据作业工人所在岗位的COEs浓度不同进行分组:辅助岗位工人作为低暴露组(11人),焦侧和炉底岗位工人作为中暴露组(14人),炉顶岗位工人作为高暴露组(61人),分析肺癌的病理类型与不同暴露水平的相关性。结果各组工人年龄、工龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各组工人所患肺癌的例数及病理类型差异有统计学意义(P=0.044)。校正干扰因素之后,随着暴露水平的增加,未分化癌(主要指小细胞肺癌)的数量随之增加,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。随着工龄延长,肺癌发病有逐渐增高的趋势,不同工龄工人肺癌发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论焦炉逸散物所致肺癌病理类型以未分化小细胞癌多见,并随着工龄延长肺癌发病有增高趋势。

Objective To study the pathological types of lung cancer caused by coke oven emissions and analyze the correlation between different exposure levels.Methods In October 2020,the relevant data of 86 confirmed cases of lung cancer caused by coke oven emissions(including basic information of patients,relevant occupational exposure and clinical data)were collected,The workers were grouped according to the different COEs concentrations in their posts:workers in auxiliary posts were taken as the low exposure group(11 persons),The workers at coke side and furnace bottom are the medium exposure group(14 persons),and the workers at furnace top are the high exposure group(61 persons),and the correlation between pathological types of lung cancer and different exposure levels was analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in age and length of service among the groups(P>0.05);The number of lung cancer cases and pathological types among workers in each group were statistically significant(P=0.044).After adjusting for interference factors,the number of undifferentiated cancers(mainly small cell lung cancer)increased with the increase of exposure level,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.001).The incidence of lung cancer increased gradually with the length of service,and the incidence rate of lung cancer among workers of different working ages was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Undifferentiated small cell carcinoma is the most common pathological type of lung cancer caused by coke oven emissions,and the incidence of lung cancer tends to increase with the length of service.