河南省生物医药产业技术创新效率研究

Technological Innovation Efficiency of Biopharmaceutical Industries in Henan Province

目的评价河南省生物医药产业的技术创新效率水平,分析制约其创新发展的因素,并提出针对性建议。方法选取《中国高技术产业统计年鉴》2007年至2016年的医药制造业研发人员、研发经费内部支出、专利申请数、新产品开发项目数、利润总额、新产品销售收入等相关数据。采用数据包络分析法评价河南省生物医药产业在研发阶段和转化阶段的技术创新效率,并对比、分析横向和纵向的技术创新效率。结果横向比较,2016年研发阶段,河南省的综合效率(0.516)在10个省市中为最低,纯技术效率(0.917)低于平均值(0.950),且规模效率(0.563)低于平均值(0.812),规模效益呈递增状态;转化阶段,河南省的综合效率为最优(1.000),资源配置和产业规模均合理,规模效益不变。纵向比较,从2010年开始,河南省生物医药产业研发阶段的综合效率总体降低,规模效益也呈递减状态;转化阶段的综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率平均值较研发阶段均降低,但2015年和2016年均最优。结论无论是横向还是纵向比较,河南省生物医药产业技术创新效率与其他9个省市比较尚有一定差距,但2015年和2016年发展较优。建议汇聚产业发展高端要素,建设产业发展高端平台,打造特色医药产业集群,制订产业发展专项政策。

ObjectiveTo evaluate the technical innovation efficiency of biopharmaceutical industries in Henan Province,to analyze the factors restricting its development,and to put forward suggestions accordingly.MethodsRelevant data such as research and development(R&D)personnel,internal expenditure of R&D funds,quantity of patent application,quantity of new product development projects,total profits and income of new product sale of biopharmaceutical industries from 2007 to 2016 in the China Statistics Yearbook on High Technology Industry were selected.The data envelopment analysis(DEA)method was used to evaluate the technology innovation efficiency of the biopharmaceutical industries in Henan Province in the R&D stage and the transformation stage,and the technology innovation efficiency in Henan Province and other nine provinces/municipalities was compared and analyzed,as well as the technology innovation efficiency in Henan Province from 2007 to 2016.ResultsFor the comparison of the technology innovation efficiency in Henan Province and other nine provinces/municipalities,in the R&D stage,the comprehensive efficiency of Henan Province(0.516)was the lowest among the 10 provinces/municipalities in 2016,its pure technical efficiency(0.917)was lower than the average level(0.950),and its scale efficiency(0.563)was lower than the average level(0.812),with the increasing returns to scale.In the transformation stage of the above comparison,the comprehensive efficiency of Henan Province was optimal(1.000),the resource allocation and industrial scale were all rationalized,with the constant returns to scale.For the comparison of the technology innovation efficiency in Henan Province from 2007 to 2016,in the R&D stage,the comprehensive efficiency in Henan Province generally decreased since 2010,with the decreasing returns to scale.In the transformation stage of the above comparison,the average levels of comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency were lower than those in the R&D stage,while they were all optimal in 2015 and 2016.ConclusionNo matter the comparison of the technology innovation efficiency in Henan Province and other nine provinces/municipalities or the comparison of that in Henan Province from 2007 to 2016,there is still a certain gap in the technology innovation efficiency between Henan Province and other nine provinces/municipalities,while the biopharmaceutical industries in Henan Province develope better in 2015 and 2016.It is suggested to gather high-end elements of industrial development,build a high-end platform for industrial development,create a distinctive pharmaceutical industry cluster and formulate special policies for industrial development.