基于波束形成的三维传声器阵列仿真

Simulation of 3-Dimensional Microphone Array Based on Beamforming

为研究基于传声器阵列的声源定位技术在户外环境下实现全方位、高效、便捷的声源信号定位,通过使用波束形成声源定位算法,在考虑传声器阵列的拓扑结构特性下,对各个三维阵列进行声源定位数值仿真。为验证不同阵列的传声器阵列定位效果,基于波束形成算法使用MATLAB对相同阵元数不同分布阵型的三维传声器阵列声源定位进行仿真。结果表明:相同阵元数不同分布阵型的三维传声器阵列定位声源点的定位精度存在不同的差异,且基于波束形成的三维旋排球阵列传声器阵列在全方位声源定位中结果精确度最高。可见设计传声器阵列时,应该要充分考虑到阵元个数、阵列孔径的大小及阵元间距对阵列声源定位的影响。

In order to study the sound source location technology based on microphone array and realize omni-directional,efficient and convenient sound source signal location in outdoor environment,the sound source location of each three-dimensional array was numerically simulated by using beamforming sound source location algorithm and considering the topology characteristics of microphone array.In order to verify the microphone array positioning effect of different arrays,based on the beamforming algorithm,MATLAB was used to simulate the sound source positioning of three-dimensional microphone arrays with the same array element number and different distribution arrays.The results show that the positioning accuracy of three-dimensional microphone array with the same array element number and different distribution arrays is different,and the three-dimensional rotating volleyball array microphone array based on beamforming has the highest accuracy in omni-directional sound source positioning.It can be seen that the number of array elements,the size of array aperture and the spacing of array elements should be fully considered when designing microphone array.