高精度光学定时探测技术及其应用研究

High precision optical timing detection technology and its application

被动固体锁模激光器的发明拉开了高精度定时探测技术高速发展的序幕,近三十年来,多种降低测量本底噪声的定时探测技术应运而生,不断逼近锁模激光器高频定时抖动测量的极限(远小于1 fs),这些定时探测器的分辨力、鲁棒性、稳定性、功耗等多项指标也有着突破性的进步。本文介绍了目前较为主流的光学定时探测手段,包括直接检测、BOC技术、AOM探测、光学外差技术等,分析了各种定时探测器的优势与应用场景,阐述了高精度定时探测技术在相干脉冲合成、自由电子激光等大型科学装置中发挥的重要作用,最后对光学定时探测器的发展方向做出展望,旨在通过综述各种光学定时探测技术,为推动阿秒科学、定时同步等高精尖领域的发展提供技术参考与借鉴。

The invention of passive solid-state mode-locked lasers has promoted the rapid development of high-precision timing detection technology.In the past three decades,a variety of timing detection techniques have emerged to reduce the measurement noise floor,and keep approaching the high-frequency timing jitter measurement limit of mode-locked lasers(far less than 1 fs),with signifi⁃cant improvements in terms of the resolution,robustness,stability,power consumption and many other aspects.In this paper,different kinds of optical timing detection methods including direct detection,BOC technology,AOM detection,optical heterodyne technology are reviewed.The advantages and application scenarios of various timing detectors are discussed,and the important role of high precision timing detection technology in large-scale scientific instruments such as coherent pulse synthesis and free electron lasers are introduced.Finally,the development direction of optical timing detectors is prospected.The purpose of this paper is to provide techni⁃cal reference for promoting the development of high precision and cutting-edge fields such as attosecond science and timing synchroni⁃zation by summarizing various optical timing detection technologies.