重庆市市售肉和肉制品食源性致病菌污染状况监测分析

Investigation of food-borne pathogenic bacteria contamination of meat and meat products in Chongqing

目的 调查重庆市市售肉和肉制品中食源性致病菌污染情况,为有效开展食源性疾病防控提供科学依据。方法 采集各区(县)超市、农贸市场、零售店等场所肉和肉制品共740份,按照国家标准方法进行6种食源性致病菌检验。结果 740份样品中检出致病菌116株,致病菌总检出率为15.68%。样品类别中生畜肉的污染情况最为严重,检出率为30.00%;其次为生禽肉,检出率为28.13%。采样点类型中农贸市场的样品检出率最高,为21.14%;其次是超市,检出率为20.94%。沙门氏菌血清学鉴定,分属6个群17个血清型,排前3位的是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌及印地安纳沙门氏菌。单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌血清分型中,以1/2a型为主,占57.58%。致泻性大肠埃希菌氏中检出1个亚型,为肠黏附性大肠埃希氏菌(EAEC)。结论 重庆市市售肉和肉制品受到不同程度食源性致病菌污染,存在食源性疾病发生的潜在风险,需要加强管理和监测。

Objective To provide data basis for food-borne disease control, this paper investigates the contamination of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in meat and meat products in Chongqing.Methods A total of 740 samples of meat and meat products were randomly selected from supermarkets, farmers’ markets, retail stores and other places in all regions of Chongqing. The samples were detected for 6 kinds of food-borne pathogens according to the national standard method.Results A total of 116 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 740 samples, and the total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 15.68%. The contamination situation of raw livestock meat was the most serious, with the detection rate being 30.00%,followed by that of raw poultry meat, with the detection rate being 28.13%.Among the types of sampling sites, the detection rate of samples in farmers’ markets was the highest(21.14%), followed by supermarkets(20.94%). The serological identification of salmonella was divided into 6 groups and 17 serotypes. S.typhimurium, S.enteritidis, and S.indiana were the top three bacteria.The dominant serotype of Listeria monocytogenes was 1/2 a, accounting for 57.58%. One subtype of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was identified as enteroadhesive Escherichia coli(EAEC).Conclusion Meat and meat products in Chongqing are contaminated by food-borne pathogens to various degrees, and there is a potential risk of food-borne diseases, so management and monitoring should be strengthened.