线粒体脂肪酸氧化代谢病的饮食与营养干预

Dietary and nutritional intervention in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders

线粒体脂肪酸氧化代谢病是一组罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病,如果不能及时有效地干预,会造成脑、肝、心、骨骼肌等多系统损害,甚至猝死。维生素支持及饮食干预是线粒体脂肪酸氧化代谢病的有效方法。避免长时间禁食、低脂/高碳水化合物饮食、积极处理代谢危象是基本治疗原则。根据代谢缺陷及个体情况,选择不同的饮食策略与营养素支持,必要时补充左卡尼汀、中链甘油三酯和生玉米淀粉等。终身治疗,密切监测营养代谢及器官功能,以减少代谢危象、残障及死亡。

Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders(FAODs)are a series of rare autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorders which will cause multi-system damage of brain,liver,heart,skeletal muscle and even sudden death without timely and effective intervention. Vitamins support and dietary intervention are effective for FAODs.Avoidance of long time fasting,low fat and high carbohydrate diets,and active management of metabolic crises are basic treatment principles.The individual dietary strategies and nutrient support should be considered according to metabolic defect and individual condition. Supplement ation with L-carnitine,medium-chain triglycerides,and raw corn starch are recommended if necessary. Lifelong treatment and intensive monitoring of nutritional metabolic condition and organ function are important to reduce the metabolic crisis,disability and death caused by FAODs.