牛奶中弯曲菌流行现状与防控研究进展

Research progress on prevalence and prevention strategies for Campylobacter in milk

弯曲菌是世界范围内普遍流行的食源性病原菌,牛奶营养成分丰富且作为日常膳食的主要成分,是弯曲菌重要的传播媒介。弯曲菌感染人后主要引起以腹泻为主的急性胃肠炎症状,同时可伴发包括免疫损伤性疾病在内的严重并发症;近年来因饮用牛奶导致的弯曲菌感染病例呈逐年上升趋势,给公共卫生和食品安全带来了巨大威胁。本文结合国内外关于牛奶中弯曲菌的研究报道,对牛奶源弯曲菌的污染情况及流行分布特征进行了综述,分析了牛奶中弯曲菌的主要污染途径,同时针对牛奶环境中弯曲菌的污染特点,对该菌检测方法以及防控手段和策略进行了介绍分析,并对未来研究方向进行了展望,以期为降低牛奶源弯曲菌感染风险,保障食品安全和消费者健康提供借鉴。

Campylobacter is one of the most popular foodborne pathogens worldwide.Milk is an essential part of daily diet with rich nutrients,a potential vector for the transmission of Campylobacter.Campylobacter infections mainly resulting in acute gastroenteritis with diarrhea as the main cause,and can be accompanied by serious complications,including immune injury diseases.The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis by drinking milk have increased in recent years,which pose a great threat to public health and food safety.This study reviewed the contamination and distribution characteristics of Campylobacter in milk based on previous published researches,analyzed the contamination sources of Campylobacter in milk,as well as the corresponding detection and control methods,and prospected the focus of the future researches,which can provide references for reducing the risk of Campylobacter infection in milk and ensuring food safety and consumer health.