西方大学与教师教育关系的历史演变与现实启示——对美、英、法等国综合性大学中教师教育发展生态的分析

The Development Dilemma & Reforming Strategies of Teacher Education in Western Universities

二十世纪中期以来,美、英、法等国教师教育与大学的联姻开启了基于综合性大学培养教师的新篇章。综合性大学与教师教育的联姻,一方面存在互利关系,有效满足了大学与教师教育各自的发展需求;另一方面存在博弈关系,造成了教师教育在大学发展的诸多困境。研究美、英、法等国大学与教师教育的关系本质,探析基于大学的教师教育的现实发展困境、价值影响因素、变革驱动模式和当下改革举措,能为我国综合性大学举办教师教育提供历史经验与现实启示。

The mid-20th century witnessed the start of teacher education and teacher training undertaken by comprehensive universities in western countries. For one thing, it is mutually beneficial, effectively satisfying the need for the development of both universities and teacher education. For another, it is competitive and leading to many difficulties in the development of teacher education in universities. This paper attempts to analyze the essence of relation between western universities and teacher education, and explore the development dilemma in teacher education undertaken, influencing factors of value, reform-driving mode and reforming measures, from which we can draw lessons and reference here in China.