长江经济带废弃露天矿山生态修复典型模式遥感监测:以湖北省为例

Remote sensing monitoring of typical ecological restoration models of abandoned open-pit mines in the Yangtze River Economic Belt:a case study of Hubei Province

为实现对废弃露天矿山生态修复情况的实时监督监管,本文以2019—2021年多期次国产高分辨率遥感数据为基础,对湖北省长江干流及主要支流两侧各10 km范围内的废弃露天矿山生态修复情况进行了动态监测。通过监测结果可知,截至2021年8月底,湖北省长江干流及主要支流废弃露天矿山已治理面积为1125.51 hm 2,占待治理面积总和的50.58%;正在治理面积为642.53 hm 2,占待治理面积总和的28.88%;总体治理效果良好。根据影像特征和野外查证结果,将湖北省长江经济带废弃露天矿山生态修复模式划分为生态复绿模式、景观再造模式、农业用地模式、自然封育模式和综合治理模式等5类,对我国废弃矿山的生态修复工作具有一定的借鉴意义。

In order to realize real-time supervision of ecological restoration of abandoned mines,based on multiple periods of domestic high-resolution remote sensing data from 2019 to 2021,this paper conductes dynamic monitoring of ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines within 10 km on both sides of the main stream and main tributaries of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province.The results show that by August 2021,1125.51 hm 2 abandoned open-pit mines had been treated,accounting for 50.58%of the total area to be treated.The area under treatment is 642.53 hm 2,accounting for 28.88%of the total area to be treated,and the overall treatment effect is good.According to the image characteristics and field verification results,the ecological restoration modes of abandoned open-pit mines in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of Hubei Province are divided into five types:ecological restoration mode,landscape reconstruction mode,agricultural land use mode,natural enclosure mode and comprehensive management mode,which has reference significance for the ecological restoration of abandoned mines in China.