肉鸡对博落回散的耐受性评价

Tolerance evaluation of broilers Buoluohui powder

为了评价肉鸡对博落回散的耐受性,确定肉鸡耐受的剂量范围,试验将200只1日龄健康艾维茵肉鸡随机分为5组,每个组5个重复,每个重复8只。20,100,200,300 mg/kg组分别在每千克日粮中添加相应剂量的博落回散(相当于推荐临床剂量的1,5,10,15倍),对照组日粮中不添加任何药物,连续饲喂试验肉鸡49 d,考察博落回散对肉鸡生长性能、血常规和血液生化指标、脏器指数和组织病理学的影响。结果表明:试验期各组肉鸡精神和食欲无异常,未出现发病和死亡现象。1~49日龄,与对照组相比,20 mg/kg组日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),日增重极显著提高(P<0.01),料重比极显著降低(P<0.01),血常规、血液生化指标和脏器指数差异不显著(P>0.05)。100,200 mg/kg组的日增重、料重比与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);100 mg/kg组49日龄的淋巴细胞比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05);200 mg/kg组21日龄的浆细胞比例显著低于对照组(P<0.05),肝脏指数极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。300 mg/kg组1~49日龄日增重、日采食量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),料重比极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),21日龄的浆细胞比例显著低于对照组(P<0.05),49日龄总胆红素含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),肝脏指数和脾脏指数极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。200 mg/kg组有一只鸡肝脏轻度肿胀,色泽浅黄。300 mg/kg组肝脏轻度肿胀,呈黄色,肝细胞肿胀,脂肪变性,胞浆内有空泡;脾脏红髓轻度淤血。说明在肉鸡日粮中添加20 mg/kg博落回散(推荐给药剂量)安全性高,并可促进肉鸡生长,连续49 d添加100~200 mg/kg博落回散(5~10倍给药剂量),肉鸡表现出较好的耐受性,连续49 d添加300 mg/kg博落回散(15倍给药剂量)对肉鸡的肝脏产生了一定的损伤。

In order to evaluate the tolerance of broilers for Buoluohui powder, and to determine the dose range tolerated by broilers, in the experiment, 200 1-day-old healthy Arvin broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 5 replicates in each group and 8 in each replicate. The groups 20, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg were supplemented with corresponding doses of Buoluohui powder(equivalent to 1, 5, 10, and 15 times the recommended clinical dose) per kilogram of feed, respectively. The control group was fed without any drugs, and the experimental broilers were continuously fed for 49 days. The effect of Buoluohui powder on growth performance, blood routine and blood biochemical indexes, organ indexes and histopathology of broilers were investigated. The results showed that the spirit and appetite of broilers in each group were normal during the test period, and no morbidity and death occurred. Compared with the control group, the daily feed intake of the 20 mg/kg group in the experimental period was significantly increased(P<0.05);the daily weight gain was significantly increased(P<0.01);the feed-to-weight ratio was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01);there was no significant difference in routine, blood biochemical indexes and organ indexes(P>0.05). The daily gain and feed-to-weight ratio between the 100 and 200 mg/kg groups were not significantly different from those in the control group(P>0.05);the 49-day-old lymphocyte ratio in the 100 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the 21-day-old plasma cell ratio in the 200 mg/kg group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the liver index was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01). The daily gain and daily feed intake of the 300 mg/kg group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01);the feed-to-weight ratio was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01);the proportion of plasma cells at 21 days of age was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the 49-day-old total bilirubin content was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the liver index and spleen index were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01). One chicken in the 200 mg/kg group had mildly swollen liver and pale yellow color. In the 300 mg/kg group, the liver was slightly swollen and yellow, with enlarged hepatocytes, fatty degeneration, and vacuoles in the cytoplasm;the spleen red pulp was slightly congested. The results suggested that adding 20 mg/kg Boluohui powder(recommended dosage) to broiler feed was safe and could promote the growth of broilers;adding 100-200 mg/kg Boluohui powder(5-10 times the dosage) for 49 consecutive days, broilers showed good tolerance;adding 300 mg/kg Boluohui powder(15 times the dose) for 49 consecutive days caused certain damage to the liver of broilers.