分子标记辅助选择创制小麦抗白粉病基因聚合体

Creation of Pyramids of Wheat Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes by Marker-assisted Selection

由白粉病菌Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici引起的小麦白粉病已成为世界小麦的主要病害,小麦品种携带有效抗病基因频率低,携带单一病害多个抗病基因和兼抗多种病害的品种严重匮乏,而且单基因抗性往往容易丧失。培育多个抗白粉病基因聚合的小麦新种质,是防控白粉病害最经济、有效的方法。本研究以携带抗白粉病基因Pm21的小麦品种金禾9123和携带抗白粉病基因Pm35的小麦品种普冰01为供体,以携带抗白粉病基因Pm52的小麦品种良星99为受体,通过两两杂交、回交,在分离世代利用分子标记辅助选择技术,聚合抗白粉病基因Pm21、Pm35和Pm52。经鉴定,获得聚合3个抗白粉病基因(Pm21+Pm35+Pm52)的株系1个,聚合2个抗白粉病基因Pm21+Pm52或Pm35+Pm52的株系各2个。获得的聚合单株可以作为小麦抗白粉病育种的种质资源。

Wheat powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici has become a worldwide wheat disease.Wheat varieties carrying multiple disease resistance genes and possessing resistant to multiple diseases are seriously scarce.Single-gene disease resistance in wheat varieties is easy to be lost because the powdery mildew is constantly mutating.The breeding of new wheat germplasm by gene pyramiding is the most economical and effective way to prevent and control powdery mildew.The wheat varieties Jinhe 9123 carrying powdery mildew resistance gene pm21 and Pubing 01 carrying powdery mildew resistance gene Pm35 respectively were used as donors,and the wheat variety Liangxing 99 carrying powdery mildew resistance gene Pm52 was used as acceptor.The powdery mildew resistance genes Pm21,Pm35 and Pm52 were polymerized in the separation generation by using molecular marker assisted selection technology through pairwise cross and backcross.One strain with three powdery mildew resistance genes(Pm21+Pm35+Pm52)and four strains with two powdery mildew resistance genes(Pm21+Pm52 or Pm35+Pm52)were obtained,which can be used as germplasm resources for wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding.