家庭社会经济地位、母亲孕期健康行为与0-5岁藏族儿童心理行为发育的关联研究

Research on Association Between Family Socioeconomic Status,Maternal Health Behaviors During Pregnancy and the Psychological Behavior Development of Tibetan Children Aged 0-5 Years

目的:了解0-5岁藏族儿童心理行为的发育现状,分析家庭社会经济地位、母亲孕期健康行为与0-5岁藏族儿童心理行为发育的关系,为制定藏族儿童早期健康保健计划提供科学依据。方法:采用分层与规模成比例的人口比例概率抽样调查法和整群抽样结合的方法,对2348名西藏0-5岁藏族儿童及其监护人进行问卷调查,应用二分类logistic回归,分析家庭社会经济地位、母亲孕期健康行为对0-5岁藏族儿童心理行为发育的影响。结果:2348名0-5岁藏族儿童中,共检出心理行为发育偏异572人(24.36%)。控制了混杂因素后,中高组家庭社会经济地位(中:OR=0.723;高:OR=0.723)、中优组母亲孕期健康行为(中:OR=0.786;优:OR=0.261)的儿童发生心理行为发育偏异的风险更低,且家庭社会经济地位、母亲孕期健康行为对0-5岁藏族儿童心理行为发育存在联合效应。结论:西藏0-5岁藏族儿童正面临着较高的心理行为发育偏异风险,应当加强藏族儿童生长发育监测和做好早期筛检、诊断、治疗等综合干预工作。

Objective:To understand the current status of psychological behavior development of Tibetan children aged 0-5 years,analyze the relationship between family socioeconomic status,maternal health behaviors during pregnancy and the psychological behavior development of Tibetan children aged 0-5 years,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of early health care programs for Tibetan children.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2348 Tibetan children aged 0-5 years in Tibet by stratified and scale-proportioned sampling with probability proportionate to size sampling and cluster sampling.Binary logistic regression were used to analyze the effects of family socioeconomic status and maternal health behaviors during pregnancy on the psychological behavior development of Tibetan children aged 0-5 years.Results:Among 2348 Tibetan children aged 0-5 years,572(24.36%) Tibetan children were detected with psychological behavior abnormalities.After controlling the confounding factors,children with middle and high family socioeconomic status(middle:OR =0.723.high:OR=0.723),middle and excellent group of maternal health behaviors during pregnancy(medium:OR=0.786.excellent:OR =0.261)had a lower risk of psychological behavior abnormalities.Beyond that,there was a synergistic effect of family socioeconomic status and maternal health behaviors during pregnancy on the psychological behavior development of Tibetan children aged 0-5 years.Conclusion:Tibetan children aged 0-5 years are facing a high risk of psychological behavior developmental abnormalities.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of growth and development of Tibetan children 0-5 years and to carry out comprehensive interventions such as early screening,diagnosis and treatment.