2016-2020年河南省南阳市在校大学生无偿献血情况及血液感染性指标检测结果

Analysis of blood donation status and test results of blood infection indexes among college students in Nanyang city of Henan from 2016 to 2020

目的 分析南阳市在校大学生献血情况及血液检测结果差异,为献血者招募提供依据。方法 回顾分析2016-2020年南阳市在校大学生参与无偿献血情况,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对献血者标本进行乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗原/抗体(HIV Ag/抗-HIV)检测,ELISA结果阴性者采用核酸检测技术检测血清HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA和HIV-RNA,对在校大学生献血情况及血液感染性指标检测结果进行分析。结果 2016-2020年南阳市在校大学生献血人数共23 296例(7.72%),从2016年6.16%上升至2020年8.91%,占比逐年升高(χ_(趋势)^(2)=310.600,P<0.001);四种血液感染性指标总阳性率为0.38%,在校大学生男性抗-TP阳性率0.16%高于女性0.06%(χ^(2)=4.647,P<0.05);不同年级在校大学生抗-TP阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.107,P<0.05);其他献血人群HBsAg/HBV DNA、抗-HCV、抗-TP及感染性指标总阳性率高于在校大学生,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论 2016-2020年南阳市在校大学生献血比率逐年升高,在校大学生献血人群较其他社会人群血液安全性更高,加强在校大学生人群献血宣传教育和指导,可促进无偿献血事业健康持续发展。

Objective To analyze the status of voluntary blood donation and the differences of donated blood test results among college students in Nanyang so as to provide the reference for the recruitment of blood donors.Methods The status of voluntary blood donation among college students in Nanyang from 2016 to 2020 was retrospectively analyzed;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag),treponema antibody(anti-TP),hepatitis C virus antibody(anti-HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus antigen/antibody(HIV Ag/anti-HIV) on the blood specimens of donors;HBV-DNA,HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA were detected using nucleic acid detection technology on the blood specimens which was tested negative using ELISA.The blood donation status and test results of blood infection indexes among college students were analyzed.Results From 2016 to 2020,there were 23 296 blood donation cases(7.72%) of college students in Nanyang city,which increased from 6.16% in 2016 to 8.91% in 2020,and the proportion increased year by year(χ_(trend)^(2)=310.600,P <0.001).The overall positive rate of the four blood infection indexes was 0.38%;the positive rate of anti-TP among male college students(0.16%) was higher than that among female college students(0.06%),and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.647,P <0.05);the difference in positive rates of anti-TP among college students by grade was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.107,P<0.05);the positive rates of HBsAg/HBV DNA,anti-HCV,anti-TP positive,and overall positive rate of blood infection among other blood donors were higher than those among college students,and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.001).Conclusion The proportion of college students who participated in voluntary blood donation in Nanyang increased year by year from 2016 to 2020,and the college students had a higher qualified rate than other blood donors;it can promote the healthy and sustainable development of voluntary blood donation to strengthen publicity and guidance of voluntary blood donation in college students.