大学生村官能改善中国乡村治理吗?——来自CRHPS2017的微观证据

Can college student village officials improve rural governance in China?Micro evidence from CRHPS2017

大学生村官政策实施已近15年,其政策实施效果需要被检视和讨论。利用CRHPS2017的数据,从服务供给和民主管理两个层面考察了大学生村官政策实施对中国乡村治理的影响及其作用机制。研究表明:大学生村官对乡村治理发挥了一定程度的促进效应,但其影响具有局限性,只能够显著增加村服务供给,却无法推进基层民主化进程;大学生村官对乡村治理的影响深受乡村资源禀赋、制度环境等的影响,在有特色产业村庄、姓氏结构较为单一村庄和东部地区村庄,大学生村官对村服务供给的促进效应更为明显;大学生村官能够通过政治联结机制、社会动员机制增加村服务供给,但囿于服务期限较短、实践经历缺乏等原因,无法通过村集体增收机制增加村服务供给。

Since the policy of college student village officials has been implemented in China for nearly 15years,the impact of the policy needs to be reviewed and discussed.Using data from CRHPS2017,this thesis tests the impacts and mechanisms of college student village officials policy on rural governance in China from the two levels which are service supply and democratic management.The study shows that:College student village officials have played a certain degree of promotion effect on rural governance,but their influence is limited,and they can only significantly increase the supply of village services,but cannot promote the process of grass-roots democratization.The number of college student village officials has an inverted"U"shape to the village service supply.The more college student village officials,the better,but too many will reduce the level of village service supply.The influence of college student village officials on rural governance is deeply affected by rural resource endowments and institutional environment,and the promotion effect of college student village officials on the supply of village services is more obvious in villages with characteristic industries,villages with a single surname structure and villages in the eastern region.College student village officials can increase the supply of village services through political linkage and social mobilization mechanisms,but due to the short service period and lack of practical experience,they cannot increase the supply of village services through the village collective income increase mechanism.The research results of this paper provide an empirical test for the implementation effect of the policy of college student village officials,and also provide useful enlightenment for improving the policy of college student village officials and promoting the modernization of rural governance.