可行能力视角分析林区职工工作满意度影响因素

Study on the Influencing Factors of Workers Job Satisfaction in the Forest Area from the Perspective of Feasible Capabilities

以吉林重点国有林区职工为调研对象,利用可行能力理论综合分析在全面停伐政策已实施一段时间的情况下林区职工多种类型工作满意度的影响因素,以期评估政策效果。根据实地微观问卷调研的样本数据,使用Ologit模型和边际效应分析的结果表明:林区职工对现有林区各方面情况的评价较高,工作满意度水平较高;经济条件因素和居住条件因素是职工工作满意度重要的影响因素;相比其他类别满意度,政策实施的满意度受职工年龄的显著影响。因此,应多维度提高职工收入水平,持续发展林区绿色转型产业,完善社会保障体系,以综合提高林区职工特别是中老年职工的工作满意度。

⑴Background——The forest area of northeast China is the most important ecological security barrier and strategic base for the cultivation of China s forest resources.In 2015,China issued the“Notice of the State Forestry Administration on the Complete Cessation of Commercial Logging”.Therefore,the investigation on the workers job satisfaction in the forest area can not only test the effect of policy implementation,but also have important guiding significance for the future development of state-owned forest areas.⑵Methods——The members of the research group first designed a questionnaire,which included the changes in staff positions,family economic status,psychological status,cognitive status and other aspects,and concentrated on the design of the workers psychological feelings with the job satisfaction as the core.The research group went to Jilin Province in August 2020 and August 2021 to carry out the research activities and obtain the first-hand data.In the framework of capability approach,the OLogit model and marginal effect analysis were used to analyze the impact of feasible capabilities,including economic conditions,political freedom,social opportunities,transparency protection and social security on the workers job satisfaction.⑶Results——The scores of overall job satisfaction,policy implementation satisfaction and internal job satisfaction of forest workers in the forest area are all higher than 3,indicating that the forest workers have a strong sense of gain in the process of reform projects in recent years.The life of forest workers in the forest area has been improved on the whole by improving the resettlement and subsidy standards.The results shows that all the subfactors of economic factors have an impact on the forest workers job satisfaction,among which the change of total family income has a positive impact on the forest workers job satisfaction,while the change of employment has a negative impact on the forest workers job satisfaction.In terms of overall job satisfaction,the probability of rating overall job satisfaction as“fair”increases by 21%for every one-unit increase in employment change,while the probability of rating overall job satisfaction as“very satisfied”decreases by 11%.Transparency protection has a significant positive effect on overall job satisfaction,which is generally consistent with expectations.Social security also has a significant positive effect on most types of satisfaction.Living conditions are also important factors,especially for internal job satisfaction.The changes in natural environment,pollution and living conditions have significant positive effects on job satisfaction.The continuous and effective implementation of the natural forest protection project has achieved huge ecological benefits,becoming a strong support for the construction of ecological civilization,and laying a solid ecological foundation for the realization of a beautiful China.Compared with other types of satisfaction,age has a significant negative correlation with policy implementation satisfaction.Descriptive statistics also show that the average age of forestry practitioners is over 40 years old,so it is necessary to pay attention to the elderly workers job satisfaction.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——Based on the above analysis,the following three suggestions are put forward:First,Adhere to the idea of ecology s making the people rich and benefiting for the people,increase the forest workers income in the forest area and improve their employment conditions in many ways.Second,adopt ecological friendly resource utilization way to develop forest ecological products,set up funds to support the transformation and development of state-owned forest areas,promote the workers to participate in green industry in forest areas and provide more broader career development opportunities for forest workers.Third,improve the social security system and pay attention to the evaluation of elderly workers.Strengthen policy propaganda,make the workers in the state-owned forest areas realize the importance and urgency of policy and the necessity of separating government functions from enterprise management.