内科住院患者日常生活活动能力与慢性疾病和生物学指标相关性

The correlation analysis of the activities of daily living and chronic diseases and biological indexes of the inpatients in internal medicine

目的调查评估内科住院患者的日常生活活动能力(ADL), 并分析其影响因素。方法选取2021年1~2月广州医科大学附属顺德医院内科住院部542例患者, 采用Barthel指数评估表评估ADL, 调查患者一般资料及慢性疾病患病情况, 测定患者生物学指标, 分析ADL与患者一般资料、慢性疾病和生物学指标的相关性。结果内科住院患者中出现ADL受损的患者459例, 占84.69%;单因素分析及Spearman相关分析均显示, 部分慢性疾病影响内科住院患者日常生活活动能力, ADL与共患疾病数量、病程密切相关(P<0.05), 多元线性回归分析提示ADL评分与白蛋白的相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论内科住院患者合并基础疾病越多, 病程越长, ADL受损越严重, 以低蛋白血症为主的营养不良是患者ADL的重要影响因素。在临床护理工作中, 对于共患疾病数量多、病程长、营养不良患者需要给予更多的关心和照顾, 并注意改善其营养状态, 积极纠正躯体功能状态, 以提升患者的日常生活活动能力。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the activities of daily living(ADL)of hospitalized patients in internal medicine,and analyze its influencing factors.MethodsFrom January to February 2021,542 patients in the department of internal medicine were evaluated for ADL by Barthel index.The general information of patients and the prevalence of chronic diseases were investigated.The biological indexes of patients were determined.The correlation between ADL and general information of patients,chronic diseases and biological indexes was analyzed.ResultsThe number of patients with ADL impairment in medical inpatients was 459,accounting for 84.69%.Univariate analysis and Spearman correlation analysis showed that some chronic diseases affected the activities of daily living of internal medicine inpatients,and ADL was closely related to the number and duration of comorbidities(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis the correlation of ADL score and albumin statistically significant(P<O.05).Conclusions The more underlying diseases and the longer course of disease,the more severe ADL damage in internal medicine inpatients.Malnutrition mainly with hypoproteinemia is an important influencing factor of ADL in patients.In clinical nursing,patients with a large number of comorbid diseases,a long course of disease and malnutrition need to be given more care and attention to improve their nutritional status,and actively correct the physical function status,so as to improve the ability of daily living activities of patients.