大学生艾滋病防控综合干预策略效果评价

The impact of comprehensive intervention strategies on the knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention among college students

目的分析高校实施艾滋病防控综合干预策略的效果,为进一步开展艾滋病健康教育实践和促进健康教育行为改变提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,于2018年9月在干预前分别选取成都市某高校(2018年9月开始实行大学生艾滋病“3+2”干预策略)582名新生和590名大四学生为研究对象,并于2022年3月对2018级577名学生进行跟踪调查。通过问卷的方式,比较综合干预前后大学生艾滋病防控知识掌握情况。结果相对于干预前,综合干预策略的实施深化了大学生对艾滋病传播途径、危害性、自我保护和关爱艾滋病患者意识的认识,全部15个问项的知晓率均显著高于干预前(P值均<0.01),其中13个问项的知晓率高于80%(10个问项的知晓率高于90%)。相对于对照组(2018年的四年级学生),14个问项的干预后知晓率有显著提高,其中知晓率超过90%的问项数从1个提高到10个。结论艾滋病防控综合干预策略在提升大学生艾滋病防控知识知晓率过程中有明显干预效果。在宣传教育策略中应增加低年级学生教育强度,以及艾滋病相关的医学知识和正确对待艾滋病的教育内容。

Objective To analyze the effects of comprehensive controlling strategies on AIDS prevention in a university of Chengdu,so as to provide evidence for HIV/AIDS health education practices and behavior change promotion.Methods In September 2018,582 freshmen and 590 senior students were selected by using the stratified sampling method(in September 2018,the"3+2"intervention strategy for AIDS among college students was implemented).In March 2022,577 freshmen were followed up.And the respondents were investigated regarding the knowledge of AIDS prevention and data were analyzed using statistical software.Results After intervention,the implementation of the comprehensive intervention strategy deepened college students’awareness of AIDS transmission route,health effects,self-protection and care of AIDS patients.The awareness rate of all 15 items was significantly higher than before the intervention(P<0.01),and the awareness rate of 13 items was higher than 80%(the awareness rate of 10 items exceeded 90%).Awareness rate of the 14 asked items was significantly higher than before the intervention,and the number of questions with an awareness rate of more than 90%increased from 1 to 10.Conclusion The comprehensive intervention strategy for AIDS prevention and control shows significant effects on the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control knowledge among college students,however,the intensity of education AIDS-related medical knowledge and appropriate attitude towards AIDS should be enhance among junior college students.