国家公园建设与原住民生计转型

National park construction and indigenous livelihood transformation

建立国家公园体制是党的十八届三中全会提出的重点改革任务,是我国生态文明制度建设的重要内容,对于推进自然资源科学保护和合理利用,促进人与自然和谐共生,推进美丽中国建设,具有极其重要的意义。确保国家公园建设约束下原住居民生计的有效转型对于平衡社区居民生计与生态保护具有关键作用。基于中国知网数据库,利用归纳统计的分析方法系统总结关于国内国家公园建设背景下社区居民生计转型的研究现状。从原住民生计转型路径、面临约束以及对策建议方面进行分析总结。未来,国家公园建设过程中应重点关注社区居民生计与生态保护的有效融合,尤其是将居民生计与生态保护结合起来,并着重关注生计扶持政策与社区居民群体差异性有效匹配,以推动国家公园内原住民生计与生态协调发展、人与自然和谐共生。

The establishment of a national park system is a key reform task put forward at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. It is an important content in the construction of an ecological civilization system in China. It is of great significance for promoting the scientific protection and rational use of natural resources, promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and promoting the construction of a beautiful China. However, ensuring the effective transformation of the livelihood of native residents under the constraints of national park construction is crucial for balancing the livelihood of community residents and ecological protection. Based on the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),this study systematically summarizes the research status of livelihood transformation of community residents under the background of national park construction in China by using inductive statistical analysis method. This paper analyzes and summarizes the livelihood transformation path, constraints and countermeasures of indigenous people.In the1future, national park construction process should focus on the effective integration of community residents living and ecological protection, especially combined residents living and ecological protection, and focus on livelihoods support policy difference effective matching with the community groups, to promote national park in indigenous livelihoods and ecology coordinated development, the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.