绝经对脂肪组织的作用及机制研究进展

Research progress on the impact of menopause on adipose tissue and related mechanisms

脂肪组织不仅参与能量代谢,还是重要的内分泌器官。随着卵巢功能减退,雌激素水平下降,绝经后女性出现脂肪组织质量增加并向心性重分布,脂肪组织能量代谢、脂肪因子水平、局部雌激素合成和雌激素受体表达也发生变化,进而引起脂肪组织功能失调。脂肪组织的质量与分布改变以及功能失调和绝经后代谢性疾病、心血管疾病等的发生风险增高有关,对绝经后女性的健康与生活质量产生负面影响。现就绝经对脂肪质量、分布与功能的影响及机制进行综述。

Adipose tissue is not only involved in energy metabolism,but also recognized as an important endocrine organ.With declining ovarian function,endogenous estrogen levels decrease,leading to body fat mass accumulation and centripetal redistribution in postmenopausal women.Furthermore,energy metabolism,adipokine levels,local estrogen synthesis and the expression of estrogen receptors in adipose tissue also undergo changes,which may induce adipose tissue dysfunction.Changes in body fat mass and fat distribution and adipose tissue dysfunction are associated with increased risk of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women,which have a negative impact on their health and quality of life.In this paper,the impact of menopause on body fat mass,regional distribution and adipose tissue functions and the underlying mechanisms are reviewed.