日粮中添加植物甾醇对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及养殖经济效益的影响

Effect of dietary phytosterols on growth performance,slaughter performance and breeding economic benefits of finishing pigs

试验旨在研究不同剂量的植物甾醇对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标、免疫指标和经济效益的影响。选取130日龄胎次一致、品种相同、体况相近的育肥猪120头,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。各组在基础日粮中分别添加0(对照组)、60(试验1组)、120(试验2组)、180 mg/kg(试验3组)的植物甾醇。试验期60 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验2组、试验3组育肥猪的末重、平均日增重均极显著升高(P<0.01),平均日采食量显著升高(P<0.05);试验2组育肥猪的料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验2组和试验3组育肥猪的背膘厚度极显著降低(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,试验2组猪的眼肌面积显著提高(P<0.05),试验3组猪肉的眼肌面积极显著提高(P<0.01)。试验2组和试验3组猪的肉色评分和大理石纹极显著高于试验1组和对照组(P<0.01),且试验3组猪肉的肉色评分显著高于试验2组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各植物甾醇添加组育肥猪血清尿素氮(BUN)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性均极显著提高(P<0.01);试验1组育肥猪血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验1组育肥猪血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著升高(P<0.05),试验2组和试验3组IgM含量极显著升高(P<0.01);试验2组和试验3组育肥猪血清中补体C3和补体C4的含量极显著升高(P<0.01)。植物甾醇添加组的经济效益分别比对照组提高11.14%、22.91%和26.34%。研究表明,育肥猪日粮中添加植物甾醇可有效改善生长性能,提高经济效益,且植物甾醇的适宜添加量为120 mg/kg。

The experiment was to study the effect of different doses of phytosterols on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical indexes,immune indexes and economic benefits of finishing pigs.A total of120 fattening pigs with the same parity,the same breed and similar body condition at 130 d were selected and randomly divided into four groups,with three replicates in each group and ten pigs in each replicate.Each group was supplemented with 0(control group),60(group 1),120(group 2),and 180 mg/kg(group 3)of phytosterols in basal diet,respectively.The experimental period was 60 d.The results showed that compared with control group,the final weight and average daily weight gain of group 2 and group 3 were extremely increased(P<0.01),the average daily feed intake was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio of group 2 was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the backfat thickness of group 2 and group 3 was extremely decreased(P<0.01).Compared with control group,the eye muscle area in group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the eye muscle area in group 3 was extremely increased(P<0.01).The meat color score and marbling of group 2 and group 3 were extremely higher than those of group 1 and control group(P<0.01),and the meat color score of group 3 was significantly higher than that of group 2(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the serum BUN content of fattening pigs in each phytosterol-added group was extremely decreased(P<0.01),and the serum ALP activity of fattening pigs in each supplemented group was extremely increased(P<0.01).The serum AST activity of pigs in group 1 was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the serum Ig M content of fattening pigs in group 1 was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Ig M in group 2 and group 3 were extremely increased(P<0.01).The content of complement C3 and complement C4 in serum of the fattening pigs in three groups were extremely increased(P<0.01).The economic benefits of the phytosterols group were 11.14%,22.91%and 26.34%higher than those of control group,respectively.The study indicates that adding phytosterols to diet of finishing pigs can effectively improve growth performance and increase economic benefits,and the suitable addition amount of phytosterols is 120 mg/kg.