两株益生芽孢杆菌的安全性及酶学性质研究

Study on safety and enzymatic properties of two probiotic Bacillus strains

试验旨在研究两株芽孢杆菌的安全性及产酶特性。对两株芽孢杆菌进行了急性毒性试验、慢性毒性试验、细菌易位试验、有害代谢产物检测、溶血试验、产酶性能定性和产淀粉酶、蛋白酶的定量试验。结果显示:两株芽孢杆菌的安全性良好,无急性毒性、慢性毒性,不会对组织器官产生损害、不易位、不产生有害代谢产物、不溶血。解淀粉芽孢杆菌SSYB株的产淀粉酶能力高于枯草芽孢杆菌LLYB株,但LLYB株的产木聚糖酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶、β-甘露聚糖酶和β-葡聚糖酶能力均优于SSYB株,两株芽孢杆菌均无产植酸酶和脂肪酶的能力。SSYB株的产蛋白酶活力为16.6 U/mL,产淀粉酶活力为1.79 U/mL,LLYB株的产蛋白酶活力为50 U/mL,产淀粉酶活力为1.6 U/mL,与定性测定时两株菌产酶趋势一致。研究表明,两株芽孢杆菌的安全性良好,具有产多种生物酶的能力,在饲料添加剂研发方面具有一定的应用前景。

The purpose of the experiment was to study the safety and enzyme-producing properties of the two strains of Bacillus.Acute toxicity test,chronic toxicity test,bacterial translocation test,detection of harmful metabolites,hemolysis test,qualitative enzyme production performance and quantitative test of amylase production and protease production were carried out on two Bacillus strains.The results showed that the two Bacillus strains had good safety,no acute toxicity,chronic toxicity,no damage to tissues and organs,not easy to translocate,no harmful metabolites,and no hemolysis.The amylase-producing ability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SSYB strain was higher than that of Bacillus subtilis LLYB strain,the LLYB strain’s ability to produce xylanase,cellulase,protease,β-mannanase andβ-glucanase was better than that of SSYB strain,and both Bacillus strains had no ability to produce phytase and lipase.The protease production activity of SSYB strain was 16.6 U/mL,the amylase production activity was 1.79 U/mL,the protease production activity of LLYB strain was 50 U/mL,and the amylase production activity was 1.6 U/mL,consistent with the enzyme production trend of the two strains in the qualitative determination.The study indicates that the two strains of Bacillus have good safety and the ability to produce a variety of biological enzymes,and have considerable research prospects in the direction of feed additives.