“生生”与“名名”——论中国哲学的“底本”

Sheng-sheng and Ming-ming:On the Idea of Chinese Philosophy’s Foundation

近代中国哲学家在创制各自哲学理论的过程中,虽然都力图保持中国哲学的特色,却也均无可避免地挪用或借鉴了西方哲学的基本框架和重要观念。这就难免使人怀疑他们是否站在西方哲学的“底本”上来发展中国哲学。当21世纪初前十年有关中国哲学“合法性”的讨论沉寂为近十年来做中国哲学的实践以后,一种希望通过发掘“生生”这一中国传统思想固有观念的造论热潮开始出现了。“生生”观念体现了部分当代学者对中国哲学“底本”的一种更切近的把握。然而,“生生”哲学主要侧重于古今问题,由近代“名学”发展所彰显的中西问题同样重要。进而言之,不管从中西两种哲学形态的比较,中国古代哲人对“底本”的体贴,抑或从“形名相耦”的汉语言哲学思维特点来看,“生生”都无法脱离“名名”问题。“生生”“名名”两不相离是中国哲学“底本”的基本形态。从“底本”入手可视为研究中国哲学的一道法门。不过,人们也应当明白,“底本”观念既有重大价值,也有自身的限度。

In the process of creating their own philosophical theories,the modern Chinese philosopherstried hard to keep the characteristics of Chinese philosophy,but they inevitably appropriated or borrowed thebasic framework and important concepts from western philosophy.This makes people doubt whether they developChinese philosophy on the basis of western philosophy.When the discussion on the“legitimacy”of Chinese philosophy in the first ten years of this century disappeared into the practice of doing Chinese philosophy in thepast ten years,a theoretical upsurge began to appear in the hope of exploring the inherent concept of“shengsheng”in the traditional Chinese thought.The concept of“sheng-sheng”reflects the contemporary Chinesescholars’closer grasp of the“foundation”of Chinese philosophy.However,the philosophy of“Sheng-sheng”mainly focuses on the problems of ancient and modern times,and the problems of China and the West revealedby the development of modern“Ming theory”are equally important.Moreover,no matter from the comparisonof Chinese and western philosophic forms,the consideration of ancient Chinese philosophers to the“Foundationof Philosophy”,or from the characteristics of Chinese philosophical thinking that Xing and Ming are coupled,“Sheng-sheng”cannot be separated from the problem of“Ming-ming”.“Sheng-sheng”and“Ming-ming”arenot separated from each other is the basic characteristics of the Chinese philosophy’s Foundation.Starting fromthe“foundation of philosophy”can be regarded as a method to do Chinese philosophy.However,one should alsounderstand that the idea of“Foundation”has both great value and its own limits.