不同食葵品种间农艺性状及产量的比较研究

Comparative Study on Agronomic Traits and Yield Among Different Edible Sunflower Varieties

为筛选出适宜塔额垦区大面积推广的食葵品种,对选育和引种的7个食葵品种以‘双星5号’为对照进行大田比较试验。通过对比分析不同品种之间农艺性状、生育时期及产量等指标之间的差异,分析探讨具有推广潜力的价值指标,从中筛选优势品种。相关及通径分析表明,参试品种株高、茎粗和籽粒数与产量之间存在显著正相关关系;对食葵产量直接通径系数最大的性状是株高和茎粗;回归分析进一步明确株高、茎粗及盘径与产量的直接关系。‘飞天1号’、‘乐丰30’、‘JK518E’、‘同庆5号’茎粗高于对照处理,差异显著(P<0.05);‘双星44’籽粒大小及百粒重高于对照处理,显著差异(P<0.05);‘飞天1号’、‘双星44’和‘JK518E’与对照产量差异不大,‘同庆5号’产量较对照增产8.41%。综上所述,‘双星44’籽粒饱满、百粒重及盘径较大,具有商品性好的优点;‘同庆5号’具有植株生长健壮、盘粒数高、籽粒大小适中且产量高的优点,更具有大面积推广价值。

In order to screen out suitable edible sunflower varieties for large-scale promotion in Ta’e reclamation area,seven edible sunflower varieties selected and introduced were compared with‘Shuangxing 5’.By comparing the differences of agronomic traits,growth period and yield among different varieties,the value indexes with promotion potential were analyzed,and the dominant varieties were selected.Correlation and path analysis showed that plant height,stem diameter and grain number of the tested varieties had a significantly positive correlation with the yield.The traits with the largest direct path coefficient of edible sunflower yield were plant height and stem diameter.Regression analysis further clarified the direct relationship of plant height,stem diameter and plate diameter with the yield.The stem diameter of‘Feitian No.1’,‘Lefeng No.30’,‘JK518E’and‘Tongqing No.5’were significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05).The grain size and 100-grain weight of‘Shuangxing 44’were significantly higher than those of the control(P<0.05).The results showed that the yield of‘Feitian No.1’,‘Shuangxing 44’and‘JK518E’were not significantly different from that of the control.The yield of‘Tongqing No.5’was increased by 8.41%.In summary,‘Shuangxing 44’has the advantages of full grain,high 100-grain weight and large plate diameter,as well as good commodity.‘Tongqing No.5’has the advantages of strong plant growth,high number of grains per plate,moderate grain size and high yield,and has more extensive promotion value.