叶幕整形方式对新疆主要红色酿酒葡萄生长和果实品质的影响

Effects of Leaf Curtain Shaping on Growth and Fruit Quality of Red Wine Grapes in Xinjang

研究叶幕整形方式对厂形树形红色酿酒葡萄叶幕和果域微环境、光合特性、果实品质的影响,为提高新疆酿酒葡萄品质提供有效方法。设置篱壁形和V形2个叶幕整形方式,于果实膨大期、转色期、成熟期对叶幕下果域温度、湿度以及2种叶幕形不同位置叶片光合有效辐射强度与光合生理指标进行测定;于果实成熟期对果实外观品质及可溶性固形物与可滴定酸,果皮和种子中的黄酮、多酚、原花青素、单宁等含量进行测定。试验结果表明,与篱壁形叶幕相比,V形叶幕改善叶幕整体光照情况较好,可提高日差值、果域湿度、叶幕内部叶片的光合能力、果穗松散度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和酚类物质含量。因此在新疆天山北麓生态条件下,采用V形叶幕整形方式更有助于提高果实品质。

The effects of leaf curtain shaping on leaf curtain and fruit microenvironment,photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of red wine grapes in plant shape were investigated to provide an effective method for improving the quality of Xinjiang wine grapes.The temperature,humidity,photosynthetic radiation intensity and photosynthetic physiological indexes of the fruit domain under the leaf curtain were measured at the stages of fruit expansion,color change and ripening;the fruit appearance quality,soluble solids and titratable acids,and the contents of flavonoids,polyphenols,proanthocyanidins and tannins in peel and seeds were measured at the stage of fruit ripening.The experiment results showed that compared with hedge-wall leaf curtain,V-shaped leaf curtain improved the overall light condition of leaf curtain and increased the daily difference,fruit domain humidity,photosynthetic capacity of leaves inside the leaf curtain,fruit spike looseness,and the contents of soluble solids,titratable acids and phenolic substances.Therefore,under the ecological conditions of the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang,the use of V-shaped leaf curtain shaping is more helpful to improve fruit quality of red wine grapes.