中医阴阳类比映射的具体和抽象认知趋同现象

Concrete and Abstract Cognition of Yin-yang Analogical Reasoning in Traditional Chinese Medicine:An Event Related Potential Study

目的:探索中医阴阳类比推理的大脑神经电生理活动的时间进程。方法:采用事件相关电位(ERP)技术对34名中医学专业研究生判断具体和抽象的中医阴阳类比过程的脑电波进行记录、比较。结果:行为学上抽象中医阴阳类比表现出了反应时优势。ERP研究结果发现,阴阳类比的抽象、具体和非阴阳目标域诱发的400 ms事件相关电位负波(N400)依次减小,提示其二元对立统一关系提取与语义整合难度依次增大。在阴阳类比的关系映射阶段,阴阳类比诱发的晚期正成分(LPC)大于非阴阳类比,但具体和抽象阴阳类比之间差异无统计学意义。结论:中医阴阳思维的核心是二元对立统一的关系提取与整合。中医学概念受阴阳思维的影响,表现出关系类比的具体和抽象类比映射趋同效应,可能与抽象概念的隐喻具象化信念和具体概念的关系类比抽象化信念双重强化有关。

Objective:To explore the time course of neuroelectrophysiological activity of yin-yang analogical reasoning in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Event related potential(ERP)technique was used to record and compare the brain waves of 34 TCM postgraduates in judging the concrete and abstract yin-yang analogical process in TCM.Results:Behaviorally,abstract yin-yang analogies in TCM showed advantages in response time.ERP results indicated that the N400 induced by abstract and concrete yin-yang analogies as well as non-yin-yang target domains decreased successively,suggesting that the difficulty in extracting the unity of the opposites and in semantic integration increased successively.In the mapping stage of yin-yang analogies,the late positive component(LPC)induced by yin-yang analogies was larger in amplitude than that by non-yin-yang analogies,and there was no significant difference between concrete and abstract yin-yang analogy.Conclusion:The core of yin-yang thinking in TCM is the extraction and integration of the unity of the opposites.Influenced by yin-yang thinking,TCM concepts showed the convergence effect of concrete and abstract analogies in relation,which may be correlated with the double reinforcement of the metaphorical concretization of abstract concepts and the analogical abstraction of concrete concepts.