平台经营者“二选一”行为的竞争法规制

Competition Law Regulations for Platform Operators “Either-or Choices”

在数字经济背景下,平台经营者的“二选一”行为在很大程度上会产生排除、妨碍市场竞争的效果,但现有实践对“二选一”行为的规制仍有不足。从类型化的角度来看,“二选一”行为可以区分为具有市场支配地位的经营者的“二选一”行为和扮演“桥梁”角色的具有较大市场力量的经营者的“二选一”行为。这些行为有可能从竞争环境维度、消费者维度、竞争者维度、平台经济的发展维度产生损害市场竞争的效果。针对不同的情形,有必要通过增加规制方式与完善竞争法相关规范的适用实现相应的规制目标,包括运用非强制性综合治理手段,以及灵活运用《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》第二条与《中华人民共和国反垄断法》第二十二条。

In the context of the digital economy,the“either-or choices”of platform operators will have the effect of eliminating and hindering market competition to a large extent,but the existing practice is still insufficient in the regulation of the“either-or choices”.From the perspective of type,the“either-or choices”can be divided into the“either-or choices”of operators with dominant market positions and the“either-or choices”of operators with greater market power who play the role of“bridge”.These behaviors may damage market competition from the dimensions of the competitive environment,consumers,competitors,and the development of the platform economy.In view of different situations,it is necessary to achieve the corresponding regulatory goals by adding regulatory methods and improving the application of relevant norms of competition law.This specifically includes the use of non-mandatory comprehensive governance measures,as well as the flexible use of Article 2 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law of the People s Republic of China and Article 22 of the Anti-Monopoly Law of the People s Republic of China.