谭恩美《奇幻山谷》中的乌托邦式女性共同体解读

Interpretation of Utopian Female Community in Amy Tan’s The Valley of Amazement

谭恩美的《奇幻山谷》在延续其一贯关注的母女亲情的主题时,加入了关于性别的解构主义思想。一方面,小说中的女性在父权社会机制下沦为欲望和剥削的对象从而形成自愈和反抗的共同体;但另一方面,女性共同体需要接纳男性才能与社会共存。文学作品作为反映社会现象的媒介,通过故事内容或人物传递出社会趋势,在当下人类命运共同体的语境下,两性对立与人类中心主义都无法构建一个和谐统一的社会整体。面对乌托邦式女性共同体的生存危机,谭恩美意在倡导女性群体应当团结整个群体的力量,只有意志成为合意(co-willing)、行动成为合作(co-action),才能共同努力去实现仅靠单性共同体(single-gender community)不能实现或不能达到同等效果的目的——现代乌托邦共同体。

Amy Tan’s The Valley of Amazement adds deconstruction thoughts about gender when continuing the theme of mother-daughter affection that she always pays attention to.On the one hand,females in the novel become the objects of desire and exploitation under the patriarchal social mechanism,thus forming a community of self-healing and resistance;on the other hand,the female community needs to accept males to coexist with society.Literature,as a medium to reflect social phenomena,conveys social trends through story content or characters.In the current context of Community of Shared Future for Mankind,neither gender opposition nor anthropocentrism can build a harmonious and unified society as a whole.Facing the survival crisis of utopian female community,Amy Tan intends to advocate that female community should unite the strength of the whole community.Only when will becomes co-willing and action becomes co-action,can we work together to achieve the goal that can’t be achieved or the same effect can’t be achieved only by single-gender community—modern utopian community.