基于三维框架的中国安全生产政策分析

Analysis of China's work safety policy based on 3D framework

为厘清改革开放以来我国安全生产政策的变迁规律和发展趋势,推进安全生产治理体系和治理能力现代化,选取中央政府发布的852份政策,构建政策时间、政策目标和政策工具的三维框架,量化分析我国安全生产政策。结果表明:改革开放以来,我国安全生产政策先后经历了单向治理、综合治理和人本治理3个时期,不同时期政策呈现出不同变迁特征与演化规律;安全生产政策目标经历了“问题—目标—价值”的导向变迁;政策工具经历了“重权威监管轻能力培育”到“权威监管与能力培育并重”再到“多维目标协同”的变迁;安全生产不同时期具有不同政策目标,政策工具的选择偏好也有所不同。

In order to clarify the changing pattern and development trend of China's work safety policy since the reform and opening up,and to promote the modernization of the work safety governance system and capacity,a three-dimensional framework of policy time,policy objectives and policy tools was constructed to quantitatively analyze by selecting 852 policies issued by the central government.The results show that since the reform and opening up,the work safety policy has experienced the period of one-way governance,comprehensive governance and people-oriented governance,and the policy in different periods show different changing characteristics and evolution laws.The goal of work safety policy has experienced the change of"problem-goal-value"orientation.Policy tools have experienced changes from"emphasizing authority supervision over ability cultivation"to"paying equal attention to authority supervision and ability cultivation"and then to"multi-dimensional goal coordination".Work safety has different policy goals and preferences for policy tools in different periods.