涌现性视角下机载系统人机交互安全性分析

Human-computer interaction safety analysis of airborne system from perspective of emergence

为解决航电系统新技术应用带来的人机交互行为风险难以被现有安全性评估方法覆盖的问题,梳理航电系统人机交互适航要求,基于涌现性视角构建机载系统层次化涌现模型,引入系统理论过程分析(STPA)方法,识别与分析不安全控制行为(UCA),形成人机交互风险安全性分析流程,以进近过程中机载平视显示系统的人机交互行为为案例,完成人机交互任务分解。结果表明:基于涌现性视角,通过构建安全控制结构可以有效地识别机载系统人机交互风险,针对各风险致因因素提出缓解措施可以在系统设计阶段有效降低风险影响。

In order to solve the problem that the risk of human-computer interaction behavior caused by the application of new technologies in avionics systems is difficult to be covered by existing safety assessment methods.The airworthiness requirements for human-computer interaction of avionics systems were sorted out.The hierarchical emergent model of airborne systems was constructed based on the emergence perspective.The STPA method was introduced to the identify and analyze the unsafe control action(UCA),and the human-computer interaction risk safety analysis process was formed.Taking the human-computer interaction behavior of airborne flat screen display system in the approaching process as an example,the human-computer interaction task decomposition is completed.The results show that based on the emergence perspective,the human-computer interaction risk of airborne systems can be effectively identified by constructing the security control structure,and the mitigation measures against various risk-causing factors can effectively reduce the risk impact in the system design stage.