步行通道入口汇流人群渠化策略安全性评估方法

Safety evaluation method of crowd channelization strategy at entrance of pedestrian passage

为解决步行通道入口处实施渠化策略过程中,行人对人群干预产生的潜在危险认识不足的问题,提出渠化策略安全性评估方法。首先,从行人运动微观角度,分析渠化策略对多方向人群汇入—渠化—合流全过程的作用特点;然后,基于渠化距离、渠化时间、方向变化角等参量设计出能反映汇流全过程有序性、快速性、公平性的评估参量,形成3阶段渠化安全性评估方法;最后,基于实景特点开展通道渠化试验,揭示汇流方向、渠化间距、运动区域对评估参量的敏感性影响机制。研究表明:有序性和快速性参量的等级区域分布能较好地反映侧向汇流外径位置和通道中轴线区域人群冲突、拥挤的风险特征;与“两人宽”渠化策略相比,“一人宽”渠化策略对不同汇流方向人群运动的交互反馈更为均衡,且随着入口汇流方向数量的增加,其对安全性的促进作用更优。

To solve the problem of insufficient understanding of the potential dangers caused by crowd intervention in the process of implementing the channelization strategy at the entrance of pedestrian passage,a safety assessment method of channelization strategy was proposed.Firstly,from the micro perspective of pedestrian movements,the characteristics of the channelization strategy on the whole process of multi-directional crowd inflow-canalization-confluence were analyzed.Then,the indicators reflecting the orderliness,rapidity and fairness of the whole confluence process were designed based on channelization length,channelization time,and direction change angle,and a three-stage safety evaluation method of the channelization strategy was formulated.Finally,the crowd channelization experiments were carried out based on the actual characteristics to reveal the influence mechanism of confluence direction,the channelization spacing and motion area on the sensitivity of evaluation parameters.The results show that the hierarchical regional distribution of orderliness and rapidity indicators can better reflect the risk characteristics of crowd conflict and crowding in the outer diameter of the lateral confluence and the central axis of the channel.Compared with"two persons wide"channelization strategy,the"one person wide"channelization strategy generates a more balanced interactive feedback on the crowd movement of different confluence directions,and with the increase of the number of entrance confluence directions,its safety promotion is better.