马铃薯叶片光合效率遗传变异分析及高光效种质筛选

Analysis on Genetic Variation in Photosynthesis Efficiency and Screening for High Photosynthetic Efficiency Germplasm in Potato Leaves

以17份马铃薯品种为试材,共测定8个光合指标,分别为Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr、SPAD值、CE、Ls、iWUE,结合显著性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对参试材料进行了遗传变异分析与高光效种质筛选。结果表明,17个马铃薯品种的光合性状差异明显,光合性状在不同品种间的变异系数介于5.547%~27.722%之间;其中Gs、Pn、CE、iWUE的变异较大;各性状广义遗传力均小于60%,其中Ci、Pn、CE、Ls的广义遗传力属于中等水平;筛选出高光效种质1份、中等光效种质14份和低光效种质2份,可作为光合机制研究及高光效育种的材料。另外,SPAD值与光合效率综合评价指数显著正相关,可以作为高光效群体评价的初筛指标,并且证明了湖北二高山环境中,具有筛选出高光效品种的可能性。

Seventeen potato germplasms were used to measure net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductivity(Gs),intercellular CO 2 concentration(Ci),transpiration rate(Tr),chlorophyll content(SPAD),instantaneous carboxylation efficiency(CE),stomatal limitation value(Ls),internal water efficiency(iWUE)of potato.Significance analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysiswere combined to evaluate the genetic variation and screen high photosynthetic efficiency germplasm of tested materials.The results showed that significant variation in all photosynthetic traits were observed among 17 germplasms,the coefficient of variation ranging from 5.547%to 27.722%,and more obviously variation in stomatal conductivity(Gs),net photosynthetic rate(Pn),instantaneous carboxylation efficiency(CE),internal water efficiency(iWUE).The broad-sense heritability of each trait did not exceed 60%,and the generalized heritability of Ci,Pn,CE,and Ls belonged to the medium level;1 part of high luminous efficiency germplasm,14 parts of medium luminous efficiency germplasm and 2 parts of low luminous efficiency germplasm were obtained,which could be used as genetic resources for the photosynthetic mechanism research and high photosynthetic efficiency breeding.In addition,the SPAD was significantly and positively correlated with comprehensive evaluation value of photosynthetic efficiency,so SPAD could be used as an early screening indicators of photosynthetic efficiency in potato germplasms,which proved that there was a possibility of screening out high-luminous efficiency varieties in the two alpine environments of Hubei Province.