配平的化学反应方程式在本科药物化学实验教学中的应用——以相转移催化法合成扁桃酸实验为例

Application of Balanced Chemical Reaction Equations in Teaching Undergraduate Medicinal Chemistry Experiments——Taking the Synthesis of Mandelic Acid by Phase Transfer Catalysis as an Example

本科的药物化学实验教材虽然提供了化学反应方程式,但是化学反应方程式不完整或未配平。作为实验教材,配平的化学反应方程式不仅展示了反应物、生成物和反应条件,还清晰表明了反应物与生成物的化学计量数,更好地表示化学反应的“生成”与“质量守恒”的含义,提供更多的药物合成反应信息,是研究药物合成反应机理、设计工艺优化方案的基础。本文提倡在药物化学实验及其他药学实验或化学类实验教材及教学中使用配平的化学反应方程式,以相转移催化法合成扁桃酸的实验为例,在药物化学实验课的授课过程中,以配平的合成扁桃酸的反应方程式为起点和核心展开讲解,通过深刻剖析配平的化学反应方程式,加深学生对合成反应、反应机理、工艺优化的理解。

Although the chemical reaction equations are provided in the textbook of medicinal chemistry experiments for undergraduates, the chemical reaction equation is incomplete or not balanced. As experimental textbook, the balanced chemical reaction equations could clearly show the stoichiometry, reactants, products and reaction conditions, better express the meaning of "generation" and "mass conservation" of chemical reaction, and provide more chemical reaction information,which are the basis to study chemical reaction mechanism and process optimization. This work advocates the use of balanced chemical reaction equations in medicinal chemistry experimental textbook. Taking the experiment of synthesis of mandelic acid by phase transfer catalysis as an example, through deep analysis the balanced chemical reaction equation to promote students’ understanding on reaction information, reaction mechanism and process optimization in the course of experimental teaching.