土壤调理剂对马铃薯降镉效果研究

Study on the Effect of Soil Conditioners on Cadmium Reduction in Potatoes

针对恩施地区表层土壤中硒、镉呈伴生关系,降低农作物对土壤中镉的吸收是解决恩施富硒土壤安全利用的关键。通过采集恩施富硒高镉地区耕地表层土壤开展盆栽试验,研究了9种土壤调理剂对马铃薯中镉含量以及土壤镉钝化效果的影响。结果表明:供试9种土壤调理剂均能提高土壤pH值、降低土壤中被农作物直接利用可交换态镉含量,并且起到了促进马铃薯植株的生长、缓解土壤中镉对马铃薯胁迫的作用;由有机质、生物炭、含磷材料、黏土矿物以及硅钙材料等钝化剂根据不同配比混合而成的9种土壤调理剂能有效降低马铃薯中镉的含量,以T7调理剂效果最佳,可在恩施高镉土壤马铃薯种植区进行相关推广。

Selenium and cadmium are associated in the surface soil of Enshi region.Reducing the uptake of cadmium by crops is the key to the safe utilization of selenium-rich soil in Enshi area.Pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of nine soil conditioners on cadmium content in potatoes and the passivation effect of soil cadmium by collecting topsoil of selenium-rich and high-cadmium area in Enshi.The results showed that all the nine soil conditioners could increase soil pH,reduce the content of exchangeable cadmium directly used by crops in soil,promote the growth of potato plants,and alleviate the stress of cadmium in soil on potatoes.Nine soil conditioners are studied in this paper,including organic matter,biochar,phosphorous materials,clay minerals,silica-calcium materials and other passivating agents according to different proportions,which can effectively reduce the content of cadmium in potatoes.T7 is the best one,which can be promoted in the potato growing area of high cadmium soil in Enshi.