我国医师科室分布及工作负荷分析

Analysis on the department distribution and workload of physicians in China

目的了解和分析我国医师队伍的科室分布和工作负荷,推进建立一支结构合理的医师队伍。方法利用卫生健康统计年鉴相关数据,对"十三五"时期我国医师的科室分布及诊疗工作负荷进行描述性统计和比较分析。结果"十三五"时期,全国临床、口腔、中医3个类别的医师数量年均增长6.11%,其中医疗美容、康复医学等科室医师数年均增长率均超过10%,传染科医师数量不增反降。医师日均担负诊疗服务量总体上年均递减4.67%,住院负担年均减少4.14%,其中传染科、预防保健、肿瘤科等科室的医师诊疗人次数总体递增,医疗美容、口腔等科室的医师住院负担降幅最大。结论应遵循"一定服务效率下、与医疗服务需求相匹配"的原则,优化医师专业结构和科室分布,更好满足群众医疗服务需求。

Objective To analyze the department distribution and workload of China′s physician team,and promote the establishment of a well-structured physician team.Methods Based on the relevant data of Health Statistics Yearbook,the distribution of departments and workload of diagnosis and treatment of physicians during the 13th Five-Year Plan period were analyzed.Results During the"13th Five-Year Plan"period,the number of physicians increased by an average of 6.11%per year,of which the average annual growth rate in medical cosmetology and rehabilitation medicine exceeded 10%,and the number of infectious disease physicians declined.The daily visits per physician decreased by an average of 4.67%per year,and the daily inpatients per physician decreased by 4.14%.Among them,the daily visits per physician in infectious diseases,preventive health care,oncology had increased overall,and the daily inpatients per physician in medical cosmetology,dental had decreased the most.Conclusions It is suggested to optimize the professional structure and department distribution in accordance with the principle of"matching medical service needs with a certain workload",and promote the establishment of a physician team with reasonable distribution to better meet medical service needs.