垃圾焚烧发电厂耗水量及影响因素分析

Analysis on water consumption and its influencing factors of municipal solid waste incineration plants

水在热电厂功能转换中扮演重要角色,但该过程会造成水量消耗及热污染排放,对生态环境产生负面影响。调研了规模为500~3000 t/d的12个垃圾焚烧发电厂2021年度运行耗水量情况并分析了垃圾热值、气温及其他因素对焚烧发电厂耗水量的影响。研究结果表明,吨入厂垃圾耗水量、吨入炉垃圾耗水量及单位发电量耗水量均在2.5 m^(3)/t、2.7 m^(3)/t、5.0 m^(3)/(MW·h)以内;垃圾热值、气温与吨入炉垃圾耗水量相关性系数分别为0.84395和0.82978,具有极强的相关性;主机冷却形式、水源水质、烟气处理工艺以及静脉产业园生活垃圾、餐厨及厨余、污泥以及污水协同处理处置模式也是垃圾焚烧发电厂耗水量的影响因素。研究结果对于垃圾焚烧发电行业国家及地方用水定额标准制定、项目水资源论证、取水方案可行性论证、取水许可审批与节水评价具有重要的指导意义和参考价值。

Water plays an important role in the thermodynamic conversion of heat to work in thermal power plants.However,water consumption and thermal pollution emissions will be brought about in the process,which has a negative impact on the ecological environment.This research studies the water consumption of 12 MSWI(municipal solid waste incineration)plants with treatment capacity ranging from 500 t/d to 3000 t/d in 2021 and analyzes the influences of MSW calorific value,temperature and other factors on the water consumption of MSWI plants.The research results show that the water consumption for each ton of WSW entering the MSWI plant and incinerator,and each unit of power generation is within 2.5 m^(3)/t,2.7 m^(3)/t and 5.0 m^(3)/(MW·h).There is a strong Pearson correlation between MSW calorific value and water consumption for each ton of MSW entering the incinerator,and between the temperature and water consumption for each ton of MSW entering the incinerator with correlation coefficients of 0.84395 and 0.82978,respectively.The cooling form of the turbine condenser,source and quality of water,treatment process of flue gas and the co-processing mode taken for MSW,household wet waste,sludge and sewage in venous industrial parks are also influencing the water consumption in MSWI plants.The research results provide reference value and important instructions for the establishment of national and local water consumption quota standards appraisal of water resources,feasibility study of water intake proposals,approval of water intake permit and evaluation of water saving in the MSWI industry.